Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

URO 2 > 3. the post partum period > Flashcards

3. the post partum period Flashcards

1
Q

outline the stages of parturition

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what occurs post partum

A
  • uterine involution (including restoration of the endometrium)
  • elimination of bacterial contamination from reproductive tract
  • resumption of ovarian function
  • lactation/suckling
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is uterine involution

A

reduction of uterine size. involved:
- endometrial repair
- expulsion of lochia
- restoring uterus such that pregnancy can be re-established

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what happens day 1 post partum in the cow

A

cervix closing, uterus still large

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what happens day 4 post partum

A

shrinking uterus, lochia expulsion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what happens day 10 postpartum

A

follicular growth re-starts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what happens day 20 post partum

A

nearly involuted uterus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

describe the mechanism behind uterus involution

A

myometrial contraction
- stimulated by oxytocin 1 and pgf2a
- peristaltic waves towards cervix
- discharge of fluid/tissue debris
- compress vasculature
- suckling increases oxytocin which increases onvlution

coordinated atrophy
- myometrium stretched during pregnancy
- reduction in myometrial cell size

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is lochia

A

blood tinged remnants of fetal placenta and endometrial tissue
up to 1.5 L in volume
odourless
NORMAL
contains lumps of tissue (caruncles)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

how is the endometrium repaired in the cow

A

restoration of the caruncle by necrosis leading to sloughing of placentome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

how long does uterine involution take across the species

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

is post partum infection in the horse normal

A

yes, usually - typically eliminated by the foal heat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

why is uterine involution slow in the bitch

A

endometrium repair takes long time (3 months)
multiple tissue remodelling steps
2 lochia:
1st = immeditaely green then (D1-3 PP) red, watery and then mucoid
2nd = 4-6 weeks later, sloughing of tissue mass

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

state 3 conditions that would pre-dispose the uterus to bacterial contamination peri and post partum

A
  • negative energy balance
  • dystocia
  • uterine inertia
  • retained fetal membranes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what will be the effect of prolonged/ excessive uterine bacterial contamination on subsequent reproductive capability

A
  • endometritis/metritis
  • delayed involution
  • delay/impact rebreeding/ovary
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

discuss endometritis

A
17
Q

why do you have a period of post partum anoestrus

A
  • CL from previous pregnancy will regress
  • limited number of antral follicles
  • period of low progesterone and low oestradiol leading to limited negative feedback
  • will pick up
18
Q

explain the mechanism behind ovarian rebound

A
19
Q

explain ovarian rebound in the mare

A
  • rapid onset
  • detectable ovary activity within 2 days
  • foal heat by 5-9 days PP
  • pregnancy can be established but with lower fertility
  • can be delayed due to season or maternal instict
20
Q

discuss ovarian rebound in the sow

A
  • profound suckling effects (early follicular activity but prolactin suppresses LH thus no ovulation)
  • return to oestrus initiated by weaning and LH surge within 7 days
  • affected by length of lactation/timing of weaning
21
Q

discuss ovrian rebound in dogs

A
22
Q

discuss ovarian rebound in cats

A
23
Q

what factors affect ovarian rebound

A
  • suckling (prolactin)
  • milk yield/nutrition (decreasing BCS, negative energy balance)
  • peri-parturient abnormalities (retained fetal membranes/endometritis)
  • seasonal (melatonin in the ewe)
24
Q

what is the clinical importance of abnormal ovarian rebound

A
  • delayed onset of cyclicity
  • cessation of ovarian activity
  • ovarian pathology (follicular/luteal cysts, persisten CL)
25
Q

discuss ideal ovarian rebound in the cow

A
26
Q
A

top to bottom:
delayed 1st ovulation
cessation of ovarian activity after initial resumption
persistent CL

27
Q

which hormones cause ovarian activity ot resume

A

first FSH the LH

28
Q

which hormone promotes uterine involution

A

pgf2a

29
Q

when is uterine onvolution fully completed in the horse

A

14 days

30
Q

what happens to the maternal caruncles during uterine involution

A

they undergo necrosis and then slough off

31
Q

which hormone suppresses LH secretion in sows post partum

A

prolactin

URO 2 (107 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions