1. comparative reproductive anatomy SDL Flashcards
outline the path sperm travel through the male reproductive tract
- Seminiferous Tubules
- Straight Tubules
- Rete Testis
- Efferent Ductules
- Epididymal Duct in Head of Epididymis
- Epididymal Duct in Body of Epididymis
- Epididymal Duct in Tail of Epididymis
- Deferent Duct (Vas Deferens)
- Ejaculatory Duct
- Urethra
what muscles are located in the scrotum
- cremaster muscle
- dartos muscle
what type of muscle is the cremaster muscle
skeletal muscle
what type of muscle is the dartos muscle
smooth muscle
what is the origin of the testicular arteries
abdominal aorta
Although males do not have a vagina, they have a vaginal cavity (see drawing). What is in this cavity and why is it so?
The vaginal cavity in males refers to the tunica vaginalis, a serous membrane that covers the testes. It consists of two layers: the visceral layer (which covers the testes) and the parietal layer (which lines the scrotal cavity). The space between these layers contains a small amount of serous fluid, which allows the testes to move smoothly within the scrotum, reducing friction and preventing injury. This cavity is analogous to the peritoneal cavity, from which it is derived embryologically as the testes descend from the abdominal cavity into the scrotum.
In the horse and most other domestic species, the tail of the epididymis is directed caudally.
Which species show a completely different orientation of the testes (and consequently the epididymis)?
- Pig (Boar): In pigs, the testes are oriented in such a way that the tail of the epididymis is positioned dorsally (toward the back).
- Cat (Tomcat): In cats, the testes are oriented with the tail of the epididymis directed toward the anus, and the long axis of the testes is vertical rather than horizontal.
- Elephant: In elephants, the testes remain within the abdominal cavity, so their orientation is not as clearly defined as in scrotal species.
what is the function of the gubernaculum
The gubernaculum is a fibrous structure that plays a crucial role in the development and descent of the testes during fetal development.
Testicular Descent: During embryonic development, the testes form near the kidneys in the abdominal cavity. The gubernaculum anchors the testes to the developing scrotum. As the fetus grows, the gubernaculum does not elongate, while the rest of the body does. This differential growth “pulls” the testes downward through the inguinal canal and into the scrotum.
Post-Descent: After the testes have descended, the gubernaculum regresses and becomes a small, vestigial structure in the adult. It also helps to stabilize the position of the testes within the scrotum, preventing them from twisting, which could lead to conditions like testicular torsion.
label
- uterine horn
- uterine body
- cervix
- urinary bladder
- ureter
- clitoris
- rectus
- urinary bladder
- cervix
- uterus
- vagina
- vestibule
- ovary
- mammary gland
what fold of tissue forms the ovarian bursa
mesosalpinx
list the major supporting ligaments of the repro tract and their roles
- Broad ligament: supports and suspends the ovaries, oviduct, uterus and, cervix and cranial vagina. houses vascular supply, lymphatic drainage and nerves
- Round ligament of the uterus: runs caudal from tip of the uterine horn to the inguinal canal
- Suspensory ligament: tethers the ovary to the dorsal abdominal cavity
- Proper/ utero-ovarian ligament: support the ovary
From which vascular trunk do the ovarian arteries arise from?
direct branch of the aorta
a: uterine horn
b: oviduct
c: broad ligament
d: uterine body
e: cervix
f: anterior vagina
g: vestibule
h: vagina
i: labia/clitoris
ovary
top arrow: dead follicle
middle: primary follicles
bottom: primordial follicles
ovary
- what is encircled in yellow
- what structure is found between the 2 arrows
yellow: primary follicle
arrows: zona pellucida
a: corpus luteum
b: follicular fluid
c: blood vessels (RBC within)
d: venule
