1. male reproductive anatomy Flashcards
what is the function of the testis
- make spermatozoa
- produce testosterone
what is the epididymis
long tube following edge of testis. secretions released along where they mature and then are stored in the tail
what is the function of the ductus deferens
brings sperm from tail of epididymis to pelvic urethra
what is the function of the accessory reproductive glands
secrete further fluid to mix with the sperm and form ejaculate
discuss the location of the testis and its anatomy
- located in an envagination of the peritoneum (vaginal tunic)
- covered by tunica albuginea (innermost layer)
- then visceral layer of vaginal tunic
- then parietal layer of vaginal tunic
- in between visceral and parietal layer is peritoneal fluid
what is the tuinica albuginea
- connective tissue
- smooth muscle
what is the visceral vaginal tunic
peritoneum
what are the layers of the scrotum
- parietal vaginal tunic
- scrotal fascia
- tunica dartos
- scrotal skin
which cells produce testosterone
leydig cells
what is a sertoli cell and how are they involved with seminiferous tubules
sorround them
what is the seminiferous tubule
- one highly convoluted unbranched tubule
- convoluted tubulus contortus = spermatozoa production
- straight = tubulus rectus
- rete tubules - mediastinum
- efferent ducts 10-20 connect to epididymis head
what is the function of the epididymus
- one long convoluted duct surrounded by smooth muscle
- transports spermatozoa
- resorption of fluid
- secretions of proteins
- head and body do continuous transport of spermatozoa (matures)
- tail stores mature spermatozoa
- smooth muscles contract during sexual stimulation
- spermatozoa are then transported into ductus deferens
what is this
ductus deferens
- has very strong smooth muscle wall for propulsion of sperm
what is in the spermatic cord
- ductus deferens
- testicular artery and vein
- nerve and lymphatic supply for testis
- cremaster muscle
what is the pampiniform plexus and what are the functions
network of venules covering arteries
- functions to exchange heat, transfers testosterone from testicular vein to artery
how do the testis maintain temperature control
- pampiniform plexus
- tunica dartos (smooth muscle in scrotal skin) for long lasting contraction
- cremaster muscle (striated muscle in spermatic cord) for short term elevation of testes
discuss the blood supply to the testis
- testicular arteries (direct branches of the abdominal aorta)
- testicular veins (branches of the caudal vena cava (right) and renal vein(left))
what artery does the blood supply to the glands, urethra and penis originate
internal pudendal artery
what nerve does the dorsal penis nerve originate
terminal branch of the pudendal nerve
list accessory sex glands
- ampulla of the deferent duct
- vesicular gland
- prostate gland (body and disseminate)
- bulbourethral gland
which animals have which accessory sex glands (which animals lack which ones)
prostatic disease in the dog compresses which structure
rectum
list muscles of the male reproductive tract and their locations
- bulbospongiosus muscle
- urethralis muscle
- retractor penis muscle
- ischiocavernosus muscle (enclosed in the crura penis)
what are the columns of erectile tissue in the penis
- corpus cavernosum (2)
- corpus spongiosum
what are the two type of penis and how
fibroelastic
musculocavernous
