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MCQ 1.2 > The Orbit > Flashcards

The Orbit Flashcards

1
Q

Where in the orbit is the bone thickest

A

Apex and at the base whereas walls are thinner

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2
Q

Which walls in the orbit are shorter

A

The lateral walls and more convergent and more recessed

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3
Q

How many bones it the orbit made of

A

7

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4
Q

List the bones which the orbit is made of

A

Maxilla
Zygomatic bone
Lacrimal bone
Palatine bone
Frontal bone
Ethmoid bone
Sphenoid bone

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5
Q

What is the orbit lined with

A

Periosteum called periorbita

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6
Q

Where does the medial orbit wall extend from

A

The anterior lacrimal crest (maxilla) to apex

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7
Q

What is the lamina papyracea

A

Paper thin plate of bone overlaying ethmoid sinus

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8
Q

Where is the fronto ethmoid suture

A

Is margin of medial wall and roof of orbit

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9
Q

What suture does the floor of the orbit slope upwards to

A

Maxilloethmoid suture

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10
Q

What is the floor separated by postero laterally from the lateral wall

A

The inferior orbital fissure

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11
Q

What is the lateral wall of the orbit formed by

A

The zygoma anteriorly and greater wing of sphenoid bone posteriorly

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12
Q

Which nerves pass through the lateral orbit wall foramina aspect

A

Zygomatico temporal and zygomatic facial nerves

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13
Q

What is the rigid and convex roof orbit formed of

A

Almost entirely the frontal bone

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14
Q

Where is the supra orbital notch in the roof of the orbit

A

At margin of medial 1/3 and lateral 2/3’s

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15
Q

What is at the apex of the orbit

A

The optic foramen (canal) bound medially by body of sphenoid bone and laterally by lesser wing of sphenoid bone

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16
Q

What does the optic foramen provide a passage for

A

The optic nerve and ophthalmic artery to exit the skull

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17
Q

What are the 4 main contents of eyelids

A

Tarsal plate - maintains shape
Tarsal glands - secrete oily substance
Orbicularis oculi
Levator Palpebrae superioris

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18
Q

What does the lacrimal canal groove open into

A

The inferior meatus of nose and transmits nasolacrimal duct

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19
Q

What is the lacrimal groove

A

A deep groove in front of opening of maxillary sinus on nasal surface of maxilla which is converted into nasolacrimal canal

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20
Q

What is the nasolacrimal canal made of

A

Lacrimal bone and inferior nasal concha

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21
Q

What is inflammation of the lacrimal glands called

A

Dacryoadenitis

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22
Q

What do tears drain through

A

Naso lacrimal duct into inferior meatus of nose

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23
Q

What is the 5 list pathway of tears

A

Puncta lacrimalia
Canaliculi
Lacrimal sac
Nasolacrimal duct
Inferior meatus of lateral wall of nasal cavity

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24
Q

Where is the anterior ethmoidal foramen

A

Found at junction between superior and medial orbital walls

25
Q

What does the anterior ethmoidal foramen transmit

A

Anterior ethmoidal vein, artery and nerve

26
Q

Where is the posterior ethmoidal foramen

A

Junction between superior and medial orbital walls

27
Q

What does the posterior ethmoidal foramen transmit

A

Posterior ethmoidal vein, artery and nerve

28
Q

What is the trochlear

A

Pulley like structure at orbital roof through which tendon of superior oblique muscle passes
Only cartilage found in orbit

29
Q

What is the common tendinous ring

A

A fibrous ring which surrounds optic canal and part of superior orbital fissure at apex of orbit and give origin to 4 recti

30
Q

Which nerve supplies the superior oblique muscle

A

Trochlear nerve

31
Q

Which nerve supplies the lateral rectus

A

Abducens nerve

32
Q

Which is the oculomotor nerves 3 main motor functions

A

Innervation to pupil and lens
Innervation to upper eyelid - Levator palpebrae superioris
Innervation of eye muscles that allow for visual tracking and gaze fixation - superior, medial and inferior recti + inferior oblique

33
Q

What is the action of the lateral rectus

A

Abduction

34
Q

What is the action of the medial rectus

A

Adduction

35
Q

What is the action of the superior rectus

A

Up and in

36
Q

What is the action of the inferior rectus

A

Down and in

37
Q

What is the action of the superior oblique

A

Down and out

38
Q

What is the action of the inferior oblique

A

Up and out

39
Q

Where is the superior orbital fissure

A

Between the greater and lesser wings of sphenoid bone

40
Q

How is the superior orbital fissure shaped

A

Narrow supero laterally and broader infero medially

41
Q

List 6 nerves/veins that the superior orbital fissure transmits

A

Superior ophthalmic vein
Branch of inferior ophthalmic vein
Superior and inferior branches of oculomotor nerve
Lacrimal, frontal and nasociliary branches of ophthalmic division of trigeminal nerve
Trochlear nerve
Abducens nerve

42
Q

List the 4 nerves/veins/artery the inferior orbital fissure transmits

A

Inferior ophthalmic veins
Infraorbital artery
Zygomatic and infraorbital branches of maxillary division of trigeminal nerve
Orbital branches of Pterygopalatine ganglion

43
Q

Where is the inferior orbital fissure

A

On the lateral border of orbital floor

44
Q

What are the 4 contents of the infratemporal fossa

A

Temporalis muscle
Maxillary artery and vein and associated branches
Buccal and Temporalis fat pads
Communicates with anterior part of IOF

45
Q

What re the 4 contents of the Pterygopalatine fossa

A

Pterygopalatine ganglion
Maxillary nerve and its branches
Infra orbital branch of maxillary artery
Communicates with posterior part of IOF

46
Q

Where does the ophthalmic artery travel

A

With optic nerve through optic canal

47
Q

Where does the central artery of the retina travel

A

Middle of optic vein, passes into back of retina and spread out

48
Q

What does the ophthalmic vein connect with

A

Angular vein (facial)

49
Q

How do pre ganglionic parasympathetic fibres travel

A

With occulomotor nerve then relay in ciliary ganglion

50
Q

How do post ganglionic fibres travel

A

Pass to sphincter of iris and ciliary body by hitchhiking with branches of ophthalmic nerve

51
Q

What is the activity in the fibres in the ciliary ganglion responsible for

A

Mitosis and accommodation

52
Q

What are the 3 motor nerves of the orbit

A

Oculomotor nerve
Trochlear nerve
Abducens nerve

53
Q

What are the 3 sensory nerves of the orbit

A

Ophthalmic nerve
Maxillary nerve
Optic nerve

54
Q

What 3 muscles does the oculomotor innervate

A

Levator palpebrae superioris
Superior, medial and inferior rectus
Inferior oblique

55
Q

What muscle does the trochlear nerve innervate

A

Superior oblique

56
Q

What muscle does the abducens innervate

A

Lateral rectus

57
Q

What separates the eyeball from orbital muscles and fat

A

Fascial sheath

58
Q

What is the eye suspended in place by

A

Check ligaments and suspensory ligament of Lockwood

MCQ 1.2 (34 decks)

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