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MCQ 1.2 > Facial Nerve > Flashcards

Facial Nerve Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 nuclei situated in lower pons

A

Motor nucleus
Superior salivatory nucleus
Lacrimatory nucleus
Nucleus of tractus solitarius

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2
Q

Where does the facial nerve arise from

A

Junction of pons and medulla (brain stem)

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3
Q

What are the 3 branches given off the facial canal

A

Greater petrosal nerve
Nerve to stapedius
Chorda tympani

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4
Q

What does the greater petrosal nerve do

A

Parasympathetic fibres to mucous glands and lacrimal gland

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5
Q

What does the nerve to stapedius do

A

Motor fibres to stapedius muscle of middle ear

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6
Q

What does the chorda tympani do

A

Special sensory fibres to anterior 2/3 tongue and parasympathetic fibres to submandibular and sublingual glands

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7
Q

What foramen does the facial nerve exit the cranium from

A

Stylomastoid foramen

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8
Q

What is the name of the ganglion formed by the two roots fused in the cranium

A

Geniculate ganglion

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9
Q

What are the 3 branches given off once the facial nerve exits the foramen

A

Posterior Auricular nerve
Nerve to posterior belly of digastric muscle
Nerve to stylohyoid muscle

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10
Q

What does the posterior Auricular nerve do

A

Innervates intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the outer ear, occipital part of Occipitalfrontalis

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11
Q

What does the nerve to posterior belly of digastric muscle do

A

Responsible for raising hyoid bone

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12
Q

What does the nerve to stylohyoid muscle do

A

Responsible for raising hyoid bone

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13
Q

Why is the facial nerve vulnerable to trauma and inflammatory changes

A

Has the longest passage through bony canal of any nerve in body

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14
Q

On emerging from stylomastoid foramen what function does the facial nerve have

A

Entirely motor

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15
Q

What happens when the facial nerve reaches the parotid gland

A

It terminates by dividing into five terminal motor branches

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16
Q

What does the temporal branch do

A

Innervates frontalis, orbicularis oculi and Corrugator supercilii

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17
Q

What does the zygomatic branch do

A

Innervates orbicularis oculi

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18
Q

What does the buccal branch do

A

Innervates orbicularis oris, Buccinator and zygomaticus

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19
Q

What does the marginal mandibular branch do

A

Innervates depressor labii inferioris, depressor anguli oris and mentalis

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20
Q

What does the cervical branch do

A

Innervates Platysma

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21
Q

What ganglion is on the greater petrosal nerve

A

Pterygopalatine ganglion

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22
Q

What do the muscles of facial expression all develop from

A

Second pharyngeal arch

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23
Q

What are the 2 muscles in the orbital group

A

Orbicularis oculi
Corrugator supercilii

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24
Q

What are the 3 muscles in the nasal group

A

Nasalis
Procerus
Depressor septi nasi

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25
What are the 3 muscles in the oral group
Orbicularis oris Buccinator Minor oral muscles - act on lips and mouth
26
What 3 muscles are in the lower group of the minor oral muscles
Depressor anguli oris Depressor labii inferioris Mentalis
27
What are the 6 muscles in the upper minor oral muscle group
Risorius Zygomaticus major Zygomaticus minor Levator labii superioris Levator labii superioris alaeque nasi Levator anguli oris
28
What does damage to the upper motor neurons of the facial nerve result in
Contra lateral lower facial weakness
29
How do the facial muscles of contralateral side display
Axons of upper motor neurons of facial nerve cross midline of brain stem
30
What is the location of the upper motor neuron lesion
Motor cortex, connection from motor cortex to facial nucleus in pons Above the facial nucleus
31
Which side is affected by an upper motor neuron lesion
Contralateral
32
Which muscle are affected by an upper motor neuron lesion
Lower muscles of facial expression
33
What is the location of a lower motor neuron lesion
Facial nucleus anywhere along the facial nerve below the facial nucleus
34
Which side is affected by a lower motor neuron lesion
Ipsilateral
35
Which muscles are affected by a lower motor neuron lesion
Upper and lower muscles of facial expression
36
Which type of lesion affects the forehead
Lower motor neuron lesion
37
What type of symptoms can occur with a lower motor neuron lesion
Incomplete eye closure (dry eyes, corneal ulceration), hyperacusis, loss of taste sensation to anterior tongue
38
What are the 2 branches which form the facial nerve
The motor root of facial nerve and nervus intermedius
39
What does the geniculate ganglion contain
Cell bodies of tase afferents
40
Where is the geniculate ganglion
At the site of turn when the facial nerve makes a sharp posterior turn (the Genu) to run posteriorly and medially across medial wall of middle ear cavity
41
In the petrous temporal bone what are the 2 preganglionic parasympathetic branches given off
Greater superficial petrosal nerve and chorda tympani
42
Where does the greater superficial petrosal nerve arise from
The geniculate ganglion
43
What does the greater superficial petrosal nerve pass through
The greater superficial petrosal foramen
44
What is the parasympathetic function of the greater superficial petrosal nerve
Secretomotor innervation of lacrimal gland and small glands of nose and palate
45
What is the special sensory function of the greater superficial petrosal nerve
Taste innervation of palate
46
When does the chorda tympani leave the facial nerve
After geniculate ganglion
47
What nerve does the chorda tympani join as it passes downward and forwards
The lingual nerve
48
What is the parasympathetic function of the chorda tympani
Secretomotor innervation of submandibular and sublingual glands
49
What is the special sensory function of the chorda tympani
Taste innervation of anterior 2/3 of tongue
50
What are the parasympathetic synapses of the cranial ganglia of the facial nerve
Nicotinic and muscurinic
51
What are the sympathetic synapses of the cranial ganglia in the facial nerve
Nicotinic and adrenergic
52
What are the 4 parasympathetic ganglia
Ciliary Pterygopalatine Otic Submandibular
53
Which parasympathetic ganglia is occulomotor
Ciliary
54
Which parasympathetic ganglia is otic
Glossopharyngeal
55
Which parasympathetic ganglia are facial
Pterygopalatine Submandibular
56
What is the location of the ciliary ganglion
Posterior orbit
57
What is the sympathetic nerve of the ciliary ganglion
Internal carotid plexus
58
What is the sensory nerve of the ciliary ganglion
Opthalmic branch of trigeminal
59
What is the sensory function of the ciliary
Autonomic feedback from eyeball
60
What is the parasympathetic function of the ciliary
Sphincter pupillae muscle Ciliary muscle
61
What is the sympathetic function of the ciliary
Dilator pupillae muscle Blood vessels of eye
62
What is the sensory function of the Pterygopalatine
Mucosa of nasal cavity Paranasal air sinuses Superior pharynx Hard and soft palates
63
What is the parasympathetic function of the Pterygopalatine
Lacrimal grand via zygomatic nerve Mucous glands of nasal cavity Paranasal air sinuses Superior pharynx Hard and soft palates
64
What is the sympathetic function of the Pterygopalatine
Lacrimal gland and glands and vessels of nasal cavity Paranasal air sinuses Superior pharynx Hard and soft palates
65
What is the sensory function of the otic
Autonomic feedback from parotid gland
66
What is the parasympathetic function of the otic
Parotid gland via auriculotemporal nerve
67
What is the sympathetic function of the otic
Parotid gland and its blood vessels
68
What is the sensory function of the submandibular
Autonomic feedback from submandibular and sublingual glands and minor glands of floor of mouth
69
What is the parasympathetic function of the submandibular
Submandibular and sublingual glands and minor glands of the floor of the mouth
70
What is the sympathetic function of the submandibular
Submandibular and sublingual glands Minor glands of floor of the mouth and glandular vessels
71
What syndrome occurs due to injury of the auriculotemporal nerve
Frey syndrome

MCQ 1.2 (34 decks)

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