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MCQ 1.2 > Blood Supply To Head And Neck > Flashcards

Blood Supply To Head And Neck Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 2 paired arteries which the head and neck derive their blood supply from

A

The common carotid artery and the subclavian artery

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2
Q

What are the 2 right and left common carotid arteries bifurcate into

A

External carotid artery
Internal carotid artery

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3
Q

What does the external carotid artery do

A

Gives off branches to supply the external structures of the head and face

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4
Q

What does the internal carotid artery do

A

Enters the neurocranium and is one of the two main vessels that supply the brain

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5
Q

What is the necks main blood supply

A

Branches of the subclavian artery

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6
Q

What does the subclavian artery do

A

Gives rise to the paired vertebral arteries which fuse to form the basilar artery and support the neck

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7
Q

Where does the left common carotid artery arise from

A

The aortic arch adjacent to the left subclavian artery

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8
Q

Where does the right common carotid artery arise from

A

From the innominate/brachiocephalic artery as it bifurcates into the right subclavian artery and the right common carotid artery

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9
Q

What 3 aspects is contained in the carotid sheath

A

Internal carotid artery
Internal jugular vein
Vagus nerve

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10
Q

What is the carotid sinus

A

Where the common carotid and internal carotid are slightly dilated in the carotid sheath

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11
Q

What does the carotid sinus do

A

Is important in detecting and regulating blood pressure

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12
Q

What 3 aspects does the internal carotid artery supply

A

The brain
Eyes
Forehead

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13
Q

Where does the internal carotid artery pass

A

Upwards via the carotid sheath and carotid canal entering the cranial cavity via the carotid canal in the petrous part of the temporal bone

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14
Q

Where does the external carotid artery pass

A

Up the neck posteriorly to the mandibular neck and anteriorly to the lobule of the ear

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15
Q

Where does the external carotid artery terminate

A

Within the parotid gland

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16
Q

What does the external carotid artery divide into within the parotid gland

A

The superficial temporal artery
The maxillary artery

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17
Q

What are the 8 branches that arise from the external carotid artery

A

Superior thyroid artery
Ascending pharyngeal artery
Lingual artery
Facial artery
Occipital artery
Posterior Auricular artery
Maxillary artery
Superficial temporal artery

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18
Q

What branch supplies the deep structures of the face

A

Maxillary artery

19
Q

Which 2 branches supply the superficial areas of the face

A

Facial and superficial temporal arteries

20
Q

Where does the superior thyroid artery pass

A

Almost vertically downwards to supply the larynx and the thyroid gland

21
Q

Where does the lingual artery pass

A

Forward deep to hyoglossus muscle to supply the musculature of the tongue it is crossed by the hypoglossal nerve

22
Q

How does the facial artery arise

A

From anterior aspect of external carotid artery runs upward on the superior constrictor muscle deep to the digastric muscles and deep to the submandibular gland

23
Q

How does the ascending pharyngeal artery arise

A

From the deep aspect of the external carotid artery after bifurcation to run upwards to supply the soft palate and the side wall of the pharynx

24
Q

How does the occipital artery arise

A

From the back of the external carotid artery to the occipital region

25
Q

How does the posterior Auricular arise

A

Above the level of the digastric muscle to supply the skin over the mastoid process and gives branches to the middle ear

26
Q

How does the superficial temporal artery arise

A

Within the substance of the parotid gland to pass superficially over the posterior root of the zygomatic process of the temporal bone

27
Q

What 2 branches does the superficial temporal artery spilt into

A

Frontal and parietal branches

28
Q

How does the maxillary artery pass

A

Enters infra temporal fossa passing forward between the neck of the mandible and spheno mandibular ligament
Runs deep to the lower head then passes between the two heads of the lateral pterygoid muscle
Passes through the pterygo maxillary fissure and into the Pterygopalatine fossa

29
Q

What are the 3 parts of the maxillary artery

A

Mandibular part
Pterygoid part
Pterygopalatine part

30
Q

What are the 4 branches of the mandibular part of the maxillary artery

A

Inferior alveolar
Middle meningeal
Accessory meningeal
Two branches to the ear

31
Q

What are the 4 branches of the pterygoid part of the maxillary artery

A

Medial pterygoid muscle
Lateral pterygoid muscle
Temporalis muscle
Those which accompany the lingual and long Buccal nerves

32
Q

What are the 5 branches of the Pterygopalatine part of the maxillary artery

A

Naso palatine
Anterior palatine
Posterior superior lateral nasal
Middle and posterior palatine
Pharyngeal

33
Q

Where on the mandible does the maxillary artery terminate

A

At the second premolar it terminates into the branches of the mental and incisive arteries after it has supplied all of the mandibular teeth

34
Q

What 5 branches of the head and neck arteries creates a dense blood supply to the scalp

A

Posterior Auricular
Occipital
Superficial temporal
Supra orbital
Supra trochlear

35
Q

What is the venous drainage of the brain and meninges

A

The dural venous sinuses

36
Q

What is the venous drainage of the scalp and face

A

Veins synonymous with the arteries empty into the internal and external jugular veins

37
Q

What is the venous drainage of the neck

A

Anterior jugular veins

38
Q

What 2 veins form the external jugular vein

A

Posterior Auricular vein
Retromandibular vein

39
Q

What does the posterior Auricular vein do

A

Drains the area of scalp superior and posterior to the outer ear

40
Q

What 2 branches is the retromandibular vein formed by

A

Maxillary and superficial temporal veins which drain the face

41
Q

Where do the cavernous sinuses receive their blood from

A

The superior and inferior ophthalmic veins, the middle superficial cerebral veins and the sphenoparietal sinus

42
Q

Which artery is located within the cavernous sinus

A

Internal carotid artery allows for cooling of the arterial blood before it reaches the brain

43
Q

Which 4 nerves are located within the lateral wall of the cavernous sinus

A

Oculomotor
Trochlear
Ophthalmic
Maxillary

44
Q

Which nerve crosses the cavernous sinus

A

Abducens

MCQ 1.2 (34 decks)

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