Maxillary And Ophthalmic Nerve Flashcards
What is the innervation of the maxillary and ophthalmic nerves
Trigeminal and facial nerve
Where does the ophthalmic nerve arise from
The trigeminal ganglion
What are the 3 branches that the ophthalmic nerve divides into
Frontal nerve
Lacrimal nerve
Nasociliary nerve
What 2 branches does the frontal ophthalmic nerve divide into
Supra orbital nerve
Supra trochlear nerve
What does the supra orbital nerve supply
Skin of scalp as far as lambdoid suture, pericranium and upper eyelid
What does the supra trochlear nerve supply
Skin of lower part of forehead close to midline, conjunctiva and upper eyelid
Which ophthalmic branch is largest
Frontal nerve
Which ophthalmic branch is smallest
Lacrimal branch
What does the lacrimal branch supply
Lacrimal gland, conjunctiva and upper eyelid
How does the lacrimal branch enter the orbit
Through superior orbital fissure and moves along lateral wall of orbit to end in upper eyelid
What are the 5 branches of the nasociliary nerve
Ramus communicans to ciliary ganglion
Long ciliary nerve
Infratrochlear nerve
Posterior ethmoidal nerve
Anterior ethmoidal nerve
What does the ramus communicans to ciliary ganglion do
Contains sensory fibres from eyeball via short ciliary nerves without interruption through ciliary ganglion
What does the long ciliary nerve do
Distribute to ciliary body, iris and cornea
Made up of sympathetic post ganglionic fibres which innervate dilator pupillae muscles of iris and sensory fibres from cornea
What does the infratrochlear nerve do
Lacrimal sac, conjunctiva, eyelids, upper lateral aspect of nose
What does the posterior ethmoidal nerve do
Supplies ethmoidal and sphenoidal sinuses
What does the anterior ethmoidal nerve do
Supplies anterior ethmoidal cells via ethmoidal foramen
Enters nasal cavity through slit on side of crista galli supplying adjacent nasal mucosa and terminates as external nasal branch supplying skin of nasal dorsum
What does the maxillary nerve exit through
Foramen rotundum via Pterygopalatine fossa
What does the maxillary nerve run through
Lateral wall of cavernous sinus
What does the Pterygopalatine fossa contain
Maxillary nerve and its two branches, zygomatic and posterior superioalveolar
Pterygopalatine ganglion and its numerous branches containing fibres of maxillary nerve mixed with autonomic nerves
What does the Pterygopalatine ganglion supply
Lacrimal gland - zygomatico temporal
Palatine, pharyngeal, nasal glands
Is the Pterygopalatine ganglion sympathetic or parasympathetic
Largest peripheral parasympathetic ganglion
What are the 4 maxillary nerve branches
Middle meningeal nerve
Zygomatic nerve
Posterior superior dental (alveolar) nerve
Infraorbital nerve
What does the zyomaticofacial nerve do
Supplies skin over bone
What does the zygomaticotemporal nerve do
Supplies skin above zygomatic arch carries postganglionic Secretomotor fibres for lacrimal gland before it enters zygomatic bone
What does the posterior superior alveolar nerve supply
Molar teeth, buccal bone and soft tissues and maxillary sinus
What does the anterior superior alveolar nerve supply
Incisors, canine, premolars and mesial buccal root of upper 6, maxillary sinus
Where does the anterior superior alveolar nerve originate from
Infra orbital nerve before it emerges from infra orbital foramen
What does the Palpebral branch supply
Skin of lower lid and conjunctiva
What does the nasal branch supply
Skin along external nose
What does the labial branch supply
Skin and mucous membrane of whole upper lip and adjacent gum
What is corneal reflex
Involuntary blinking of eyelids stimulated by tactile, thermal or painful stimulation of cornea
What happens to the ophthalmic nerve during corneal reflex
It acts as an afferent limb detecting stimuli
What does it mean if the corneal reflex is absent
Sign of damage to trigeminal/ophthalmic nerve or facial nerve
