The Nose Flashcards
Name the 2 muscles associated with the nose
- Nasalis
2. Levator labii superioris alaeque nasi
What nerve innervates the muscles of the nose
The facial nerve (CN VII)
What are the openings of the nose called
Nostrils or naris
Name the cartilage that helps to separate the nose into two nostrils
Septal cartilage
Name the cartilage that helps to form the shape of the nostrils
Alae cartilage
Name the arteries supplying the external nose, and where they originate from
- Anterior ethmoidal (ophthalmic)
- Posterior ethmoidal (ophthalmic)
- Sphenopalatine (maxillary)
- Greater palatine (maxillary)
- Superior labial (facial)
- Lateral nasal (facial)
Describe the innervation to the bridge of the nose
Infratrochlear and external nasal branch of the anterior ethmoidal nerve (CN V1)
Describe the innervation to the alae of the nose
Nasal branches of the infraorbital nerve (CN V2)
Name the three bones that are associated with the nose
- Ethmoid
- Vomer
- Nasal
Name the bones that are associated with the nasal cavities
- Maxilla
- Sphenoid
- Frontal
- Inferior nasal concha
- Palatine
What piece of bone forms the posterior part of the septum
A flat piece of the ethmoid bone; called the perpendicular plate
What bones form the inferior part of the septum
- Vomer
- Palatine
- Maxilla
Describe the pathway of air through the nasal cavity
Nostrils -> vestibule -> choanae -> nasopharynx (openings of auditory tube) -> oropharynx -> laryngopharynx
Name the folds on the lateral wall of the nasal passage; and how many are there
The conchae; there are 3
Name the space underneath the conchae
Meatus
What is the function of the conchae
They help to swirl the air (create turbulence) which in turn warms and moistens the air
Name the lining of the nasal cavity; what is its functions
Respiratory epithelium; contains cilia and produces mucous which traps airborne particles, and thus filters the air
What cells detect smell from the air
Olfactory cells
Name the space above the superior chonchae
Sphenoethmoidal recess
What are the paranasal sinuses
Mucous lined spaces within the following bones:
- Frontal
- Maxillary
- Ethmoid
- Sphenoid
What is a possible function of the paranasal sinuses
They lighten the (otherwise) very heavy skull
What sinus(es) open into the sphenoethmoidal recess
Sphenoidal
What sinus(es) open into the superior meatus
Posterior ethmoidal
What sinus(es) open into the middle meatus
- Frontal
- Anterior ethmoidal
- Middle ethmoidal
- Maxillary
Describe the innervation to the paranasal sinuses
Frontal = supra-orbital (CN V1) Sphenoidal = posterior ethmoidal (CN V1) Ethmoidal = nasociliary (CN V1) Maxillary = superior alveolar (CN V2)
Name the area where the blood vessels of the medial wall anastomose together
Kiesselbach’s area
Name the 3 main veins that drain the nose
- Facial
- Sphenopalatine
- Ophthalmic
What do olfactory nerve cells pass through to reach the olfactory bulbs
The cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone
What do the olfactory bulbs form, and where do they travel
Olfactory tracts which travel to the brain for further processing
Describe the innervation to the medial and lateral walls of the nasal cavity
Superior = CN V1 Inferior = CN V2
