Posterior Leg and Ankle Joint Flashcards
What line on the tibia highlights the popliteal area
Soleal line
How many muscles are part of the posterior compartment of the leg
7; 3 superficial and 4 deep
What is the common insertion of the superficial muscles
The posterior surface of the calcaneus via the tendocalcaneous
Describe the pathway of the deep muscles
They pass behind the medial malleolus to the plantar surface of the foot (except popliteus)
Name the superficial muscles of the posterior leg
- Gastrocnemius
- Plantaris
- Soleus
How many heads does the gastrocnemius have
2; medial and lateral
Describe the proximal attachment of the gastrocnemius
Medial = Popliteal surface of the femur superior to the medial condyle Lateral = Lateral aspect of the lateral condyle of the femur
What nerve innervates the gastrocnmeius
Tibial nerve (S1, 2)
What is the action of the gastrocnmeius
Plantarflexes the ankle and flexes the knee
What is the proximal attachment of the plantaris
Lateral supracondylar line of the femur
What nerve innervates the plantaris
Tibial nerve (S1, 2)
What is the action of the plantaris
Assists in plantarflexion of the ankle
What is the proximal attachment of the soleus
Soleal line of tibia and the upper 1/3 of the posterior fibula tendinous arch
What nerve innervates the soleus
Tibial nerve (S1, 2)
What is the action of the soleus
Plantarflexes the ankle
Name the deep muscles of the posterior leg
- Popliteus
- Flexor digitorum longus
- Flexor hallucis longus
- Tibialis posterior
Where does the popliteus muscle extend from and to
Lateral condyle of the femur and the lateral meniscus to the popliteal area of the tibia
What nerve innervates the popliteus
Tibial nerve (L4, 5, S1)