Anterior and Lateral Leg and Dorsum of the Foot

Question 1

Where does the fibula sit in relation to the tibia

Answer 1

Laterally

Question 2

Describe the orientation of the saphenous veins

Answer 2

Great = medial
Small = posterior

Question 3

What does the interosseous membrane of the leg provide

Answer 3

1. Surface for muscle attachment

2. Resist the downward pull of muscles attached to the fibula

Question 4

Where is the superior tibiofibular joint

Answer 4

The head of the fibula and the facet on the lateral tibial condyle

Question 5

What ligaments help to reinforce the tibiofibular joint

Answer 5

1. Posterior ligament of the head of the fibula

2. Anterior ligament of the head of the fibula

Question 6

How many muscles are located in the anterior compartment of the leg and what is their function

Answer 6

4 muscles; extensors of the ankle joint and digits

Question 7

How many muscles are located in the anterior compartment of the leg and what is their function

Answer 7

4 muscle; extensors of the ankle joint and digits

Question 8

How many muscles are located in the lateral compartment of the leg and what is their function

Answer 8

2 muscles; evertors of the foot (produce eversion)

Question 9

Name the muscles of the lateral compartment of the leg

Answer 9

1. Peroneous longus

2. Peroneous brevis

Question 10

Where does peroneous longus extend from and to

Answer 10

The head and upper 1/3 of the lateral fibula to the base of the 1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform

Question 11

Where does peroneous brevis extend from and to

Answer 11

Inferior 2/3 of the lateral fibula to the tuberosity on the lateral side of the base of the 5th metatarsal

Question 12

What do the tendons of the lateral leg muscles pass either side of on the calcaneus bone

Answer 12

Peroneal trochlea of the calcaneus

Question 13

Name the muscles of the anterior compartment of the leg

Answer 13

1. Tibialis anterior
2. Extensor digitorum longus
3. Peroneus tertius
4. Extensor hallucis longus

Question 14

What nerve innervates the muscles of the anterior compartment of the leg

Answer 14

Deep peroneal nerve (L4, L5)

Question 15

Where does the tibialis anterior extend from and to

Answer 15

The lateral condyle of the tibia, superior 1/2 of the lateral tibial surface and the interosseous membrane to the medial and inferior surfaces of the medial cuneiform and the base of the 1st metatarsal

Question 16

What is the action of the tibialis anterior

Answer 16

It dorsiflexes the ankle and inverts the foot

Question 17

Where does the extensor digitorum longus extend from and to

Answer 17

The lateral condyle of the tibia, superior 3/4 of the medial fibula and the interosseous membrane to the middle and distal phalanges of the lateral 4 digits

Question 18

What is the action of the extensor digitorum longus

Answer 18

It extends the lateral 4 digits and dorsiflexes the ankle

Question 19

Where does the peroneus tertius extend from and to

Answer 19

The inferior 1/3 of the anterior fibula and interosseous membrane to the dorsum of the base of the 5th metatarsal

Question 20

What is the action of the peroneus tertius

Answer 20

It dorsiflexes the ankle and assists in eversion of the foot

Question 21

Where does the extensor hallucis longus extend from and to

Answer 21

The middle anterior surface of the fibula and the interosseous membrane to the dorsal aspect of the distal phalynx of the hallux

Question 22

Name the 2 extensor retinacula on the dorsum of the foot

Answer 22

1. Superior extensor retinaculum

2. Inferior extensor retinaculum

Question 23

Where does the superior extensor retinaculum extend from and to

Answer 23

The anterior border of the tibia to the lower end of the fibula

Question 24

Where does the inferior extensor retinaculum extend from and to

Answer 24

The calcaneous:

1. Upper limb to the medial malleolus
2. Lower limb blends with dense fascia over the abductor hallucis

Question 25

Name the muscles on the dorsum of the foot

Answer 25

1. Extensor hallucis brevis

2. Extensor digitorum brevis

Question 26

Where does the extensor hallucis brevis extend from and to

Answer 26

The superior surface of calcaneus and the inferior extensor retinaculum to the base of the proximal phalynx of the hallux

Question 27

Where does the extensor digitorum brevis extend from and to

Answer 27

The superior surface of calcaneus and the inferior extensor retinaculum to the long extensor tendons of toes 2-4

Question 28

What nerve innervates the muscles on the dorsum of the foot

Answer 28

The deep peroneal nerve (L5, S1)

Question 29

What are the two branches of the common peroneal nerve

Answer 29

1. Superficial peroneal nerve

2. Deep peroneal nerve

Question 30

What area does the superficial peroneal nerve supply

Answer 30

Lateral compartment of the leg

Question 31

What area does the deep peroneal nerve supply

Answer 31

Anterior compartment of the leg

Question 32

What area of the dorsum of the foot does the deep peroneal nerve supply

Answer 32

The space between the 1st and 2nd digits

Question 33

What is the terminal branch of the femoral nerve

Answer 33

The saphenous nerve

Question 34

Name the main arteries of the leg

Answer 34

Popliteal artery divides into the anterior and posterior tibial arteries

Question 35

What artery branches off from the posterior tibial artery

Answer 35

The fibular artery

Question 36

What does the anterior tibial artery become after it crosses the ankle joint

Answer 36

The dorsalis pedis artery

Question 37

Name the branches of the dorsalis pedis artery

Answer 37

1. Lateral tarsal artery
2. Deep plantar artery
3. Arcuate artery (connects the two above)