Anterior and Lateral Leg and Dorsum of the Foot Flashcards
Where does the fibula sit in relation to the tibia
Laterally
Describe the orientation of the saphenous veins
Great = medial Small = posterior
What does the interosseous membrane of the leg provide
- Surface for muscle attachment
2. Resist the downward pull of muscles attached to the fibula
Where is the superior tibiofibular joint
The head of the fibula and the facet on the lateral tibial condyle
What ligaments help to reinforce the tibiofibular joint
- Posterior ligament of the head of the fibula
2. Anterior ligament of the head of the fibula
How many muscles are located in the anterior compartment of the leg and what is their function
4 muscles; extensors of the ankle joint and digits
How many muscles are located in the anterior compartment of the leg and what is their function
4 muscle; extensors of the ankle joint and digits
How many muscles are located in the lateral compartment of the leg and what is their function
2 muscles; evertors of the foot (produce eversion)
Name the muscles of the lateral compartment of the leg
- Peroneous longus
2. Peroneous brevis
Where does peroneous longus extend from and to
The head and upper 1/3 of the lateral fibula to the base of the 1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform
Where does peroneous brevis extend from and to
Inferior 2/3 of the lateral fibula to the tuberosity on the lateral side of the base of the 5th metatarsal
What do the tendons of the lateral leg muscles pass either side of on the calcaneus bone
Peroneal trochlea of the calcaneus
Name the muscles of the anterior compartment of the leg
- Tibialis anterior
- Extensor digitorum longus
- Peroneus tertius
- Extensor hallucis longus
What nerve innervates the muscles of the anterior compartment of the leg
Deep peroneal nerve (L4, L5)
Where does the tibialis anterior extend from and to
The lateral condyle of the tibia, superior 1/2 of the lateral tibial surface and the interosseous membrane to the medial and inferior surfaces of the medial cuneiform and the base of the 1st metatarsal
What is the action of the tibialis anterior
It dorsiflexes the ankle and inverts the foot
Where does the extensor digitorum longus extend from and to
The lateral condyle of the tibia, superior 3/4 of the medial fibula and the interosseous membrane to the middle and distal phalanges of the lateral 4 digits
What is the action of the extensor digitorum longus
It extends the lateral 4 digits and dorsiflexes the ankle
Where does the peroneus tertius extend from and to
The inferior 1/3 of the anterior fibula and interosseous membrane to the dorsum of the base of the 5th metatarsal
What is the action of the peroneus tertius
It dorsiflexes the ankle and assists in eversion of the foot
Where does the extensor hallucis longus extend from and to
The middle anterior surface of the fibula and the interosseous membrane to the dorsal aspect of the distal phalynx of the hallux
Name the 2 extensor retinacula on the dorsum of the foot
- Superior extensor retinaculum
2. Inferior extensor retinaculum
Where does the superior extensor retinaculum extend from and to
The anterior border of the tibia to the lower end of the fibula
Where does the inferior extensor retinaculum extend from and to
The calcaneous:
- Upper limb to the medial malleolus
- Lower limb blends with dense fascia over the abductor hallucis
Name the muscles on the dorsum of the foot
- Extensor hallucis brevis
2. Extensor digitorum brevis
Where does the extensor hallucis brevis extend from and to
The superior surface of calcaneus and the inferior extensor retinaculum to the base of the proximal phalynx of the hallux
Where does the extensor digitorum brevis extend from and to
The superior surface of calcaneus and the inferior extensor retinaculum to the long extensor tendons of toes 2-4
What nerve innervates the muscles on the dorsum of the foot
The deep peroneal nerve (L5, S1)
What are the two branches of the common peroneal nerve
- Superficial peroneal nerve
2. Deep peroneal nerve
What area does the superficial peroneal nerve supply
Lateral compartment of the leg
What area does the deep peroneal nerve supply
Anterior compartment of the leg
What area of the dorsum of the foot does the deep peroneal nerve supply
The space between the 1st and 2nd digits
What is the terminal branch of the femoral nerve
The saphenous nerve
Name the main arteries of the leg
Popliteal artery divides into the anterior and posterior tibial arteries
What artery branches off from the posterior tibial artery
The fibular artery
What does the anterior tibial artery become after it crosses the ankle joint
The dorsalis pedis artery
Name the branches of the dorsalis pedis artery
- Lateral tarsal artery
- Deep plantar artery
- Arcuate artery (connects the two above)
