Male Pelvic Contents and Anal Triangle Flashcards
What is the vas deferens
A muscular tube that is an extension of the epididymis
What forms the ejaculatory duct
The vas deferens joins the duct from the seminal vesicles to form the ejaculatory duct
Where does the urethra meet the ejaculatory duct
Inside the prostate
Where, in location to the bladder, do the vas deferens pass
Behind the bladder; they appear transversely
How long are the seminal vesicles
5cm; uncoiled around 15cm
What is the purpose of the seminal vesicles
They are designed to support the sperm; they secrete a liquid (semen) which turns the thick sperm into a more motile liquid
What arteries supply the seminal vesicles
Branches from the inferior vesical artery
Describe the location of the seminal vesicles
Behind the bladder and in front of the rectum
What is the prostate, and what is its function
It is a glandular tissue inferior to the bladder that produces proteolytic enzymes and acid phophatase
What are the 3 arteries that supply the prostate
- Internal pudendal
- Middle rectal
- Inferior vesical
What 2 veins drain the prostate
- Deep dorsal vein of the penis
2. Internal iliac vein
What is the major ligament that helps to anchor the prostate in place
Pubo-prostatic ligament
If the prostate becomes enlarged what complications can be seen with the bladder
- Pushes against the sphincter vesicae, resulting in difficulty stopping urination
- Pouches within the bladder can form, meaning urine isn’t released as often as it should be; can lead to infection
Where does lymph from the skin of the penis and wall of the scrotum drain to
Superficial inguinal nodes
Where does lymph from the testes drain to
Aortic nodes at the root of the testicular artery at L2
Name the 3 points of the anal triangle
- Left ischial tuberosity
- Right ischial tuberosity
- Coccyx
What are the contents of the ischioanal fossa
Branches of the pudendal nerve, artery and vein, and adipose tissue
What are the boundaries of the ischioanal fossa
Roof = Levator ani (pelvic diaphragm) Floor = Skin Walls = Ischial tuberosity and the rectum/anal canal
When does the rectum become the anal canal
Once it pierces the pelvic floor
What type of muscle are the anal sphincters made of
Internal = smooth (involuntary) External = skeletal (voluntary)
Where does the external anal sphincter stretch from, and to
The perineal body to the anococcygeal ligament
What nerve innervates the external anal sphincter
Pudendal nerve (S2-4) inferior rectal branch
What is the white line of the anal canal
The region of transition from the anal canal to true skin on the outside of the body
What is the pectinate line of the anal canal and specifically where is it located
It divides the upper 2/3 and lower 1/3 of the anal canal; at the base of the anal columns
What are the 4 main arteries that supply the anal canal
- Middle rectal artery
- Internal pudendal artery
- Inferior rectal artery
- Superior rectal artery
Where does blood drain to from the anal canal
Above pectinate line = superior rectal vein, and into the portal system
Below the pectinate line = inferior rectal veins, and the caval venous system
What does the pectinate line define
The end of the true digestive tract
