Parotid Gland and Temporal Region

Question 1

What is the parotid gland

Answer 1

It is a salivary gland; specifically acini only

Question 2

What does the surrounding capsule of the parotid gland extend as

Answer 2

Stylomandibular ligament

Question 3

Describe the course the parotid duct takes to enter the oral cavity

Answer 3

Pierces the buccal fat pad and the buccinator muscle; enters the oral cavity at the upper 2nd molar

Question 4

How many branches does the facial nerve have

Answer 4

6

Question 5

Name the branches of the facial nerve

Answer 5

1. Posterior auricular
2. Temporal
3. Zygomatic
4. Buccal
5. Marginal mandibular
6. Cervical

Question 6

Name the artery that normally passes transversely with the parotid gland

Answer 6

Transverse facial artery

Question 7

Name the terminal branches of the external carotid artery

Answer 7

1. Superficial temporal

2. Maxillary

Question 8

What vein is formed through the union of the superficial temporal and maxillary veins

Answer 8

Retromandibular vein

Question 9

What structure divides the parotid gland

Answer 9

The facial nerve divides the parotid gland into deep and superficial parts

Question 10

What nerve supplies the parotid gland

Answer 10

The auriculotemporal nerve

Question 11

What cranial nerve supplies the parotid gland

Answer 11

The glossopharangeal nerve (CNIX)

Question 12

Through what, does the parotid gland receive sympathetic innervation

Answer 12

Fibres from the plexus around the external carotid artery

Question 13

Name the muscles of mastication

Answer 13

1. Temporalis
2. Masseter
3. Lateral pterygoid
4. Medial pterygoid

Question 14

What nerve innervates the muscles of mastication

Answer 14

The mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve (CNV3)

Question 15

Name the different movements of the mandible

Answer 15

1. Elevation
2. Depression
3. Protrusion
4. Retraction
5. Lateral sliding

Question 16

What are the attachment sites of the temporalis muscle

Answer 16

Temporal fossa and fascia to the coronoid process and anterior border of the ramus of the mandible

Question 17

What is the action of the temporalis muscle

Answer 17

1. Anterior and superior fibres elevate the mandible

2. Posterior fibres retract the mandible

Question 18

What are the attachment sites of the masseter muscle

Answer 18

Zygomatic arch to the lateral aspect of the ramus of the mandible

Question 19

What is the action of the masseter muscle

Answer 19

Elevates the mandible

Question 20

Where do the heads of the lateral pterygoid muscle extend from

Answer 20

Upper head = infratemporal surface of the greater wing of the sphenoid
Lower head = lateral surface of the lateral pterygoid plate

Question 21

What is the common insertion of the lateral pterygoid muscle

Answer 21

Neck of the mandible and the articular disc

Question 22

What are the actions of the lateral pterygoid muscle

Answer 22

Both = protrude the mandible
One = help in lateral chewing movements (with the medial pterygoid muscle)

Question 23

Where do the heads of the medial ptergoid muscle extend from

Answer 23

Superficial head = tubercle of the maxilla

Deep head = medial surface of the lateral pterygoid plate

Question 24

What is the common insertion of the medial pterygoid muscle

Answer 24

Medial surface of the angle of the mandible

Question 25

What is the action of the medial pterygoid muscle

Answer 25

Assists in elevation

Question 26

Name the anterior branches of CNV3

Answer 26

1. Masseteric (motor)
2. Nerve to lateral pterygoid (motor)
3. Deep temporal x2 (motor)
4. Buccal (sensory)

Question 27

Name the posterior branches of CNV3

Answer 27

1. Auriculotemporal (sensory)
2. Lingual (sensory)
3. Inferior alveolar (motor and sensory)
4. Mylohyoid (motor and sensory)

Question 28

Name the posterior branches of the external carotid artery

Answer 28

1. Occipital
2. Posterior auricular
3. Ascending pharangeal

Question 29

Name the anterior branches of the external carotid artery

Answer 29

1. Superior thyroid
2. Lingual
3. Facial

Question 30

What vein does the facial vein normally drain into

Answer 30

Internal jugular

Question 31

What vein does the retromandibular vein normally drain into

Answer 31

External jugular