Pelvic Contents Flashcards
What are the two pouches called in the peritoneum of females
- Vesicouterine
2. Rectouterine
What is the pouch called in the male peritoneum
Vesicorectal (lots of variation in the size)
Describe the peritoneum of the bladder
It is infraperitoneal; it is stuck against the pubic bones
What is the apex of the bladder and where is it located
The urachus is a small piece of fibrous tissue at the top of the bladder, posterior to the pubic symphysis
What is the bladder composed of
Transitional epithelium and rugae
What does the transitional epithelium function as
Protects the bladder tissue from any toxic waste within the urine
What is the trigone of the bladder
The triangular base of the bladder; it is an internal area of smooth mucous membrane
What enters and exits at the trigone of the bladder
The ureters enter the bladder, and the urethra exits
What is the muscular coat of smooth muscle around the bladder called
Detrusor muscle
What skeletal muscle allows us to control the passing of urine
Sphincter urethrae
What ligament holds the neck of the bladder in place
Males = puboprostatic Females = pubovesical
Describe the vasculature of the bladder
Males = Superior vesical artery (x2) and inferior vesical artery (x1) Females = Superior vesical artery (x2) and vaginal artery (x1)
What main artery does blood for the bladder originate from
Internal iliac artery
What plexus is formed that drains the bladder
Vesical venous plexus
Where does the bladder receive its innervation form
ANS inferior hypogastric plexus
Where does most of the lymph from the bladder region drain to
Internal iliac nodes
What secondary nodes does lymph from the bladder region drain to
- Lumbar nodes
- Common iliac nodes
- External iliac nodes
- Deep inguinal nodes
- Sacral nodes
Where does the rectum run from, and to
The 3rd sacral vertebrae, to the tip of the coccyx
Describe the peritoneum of the rectum
Upper 1/3 = covered by visceral peritoneum
Middle 1/3 = peritoneum on the anterior surface
Lower 1/3 = infraperitoneal
What does the rectum change to after it hits the pelvic floor
The anal canal
Are the sphincters of the rectum voluntary or involuntary
Internal = involuntary External = voluntary
What is the function of the levator ani muscle
Described as puborectalis, its job is to bend the base of the rectum preventing feces from moving down the rectum
What are the 3 main arteries that supply the rectum (and where do they originate from)
- Superior rectal artery (inferior mesenteric)
- Middle rectal artery (internal iliac)
- Inferior rectal artery (internal pudendal)
What are the 3 main veins that drain the rectum (and where do they drain to)
- Superior rectal vein (portal)
- Middle rectal vein (internal iliac)
- Inferior rectal vein (internal pudendal)