Pelvic Contents Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two pouches called in the peritoneum of females

A
  1. Vesicouterine

2. Rectouterine

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2
Q

What is the pouch called in the male peritoneum

A

Vesicorectal (lots of variation in the size)

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3
Q

Describe the peritoneum of the bladder

A

It is infraperitoneal; it is stuck against the pubic bones

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4
Q

What is the apex of the bladder and where is it located

A

The urachus is a small piece of fibrous tissue at the top of the bladder, posterior to the pubic symphysis

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5
Q

What is the bladder composed of

A

Transitional epithelium and rugae

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6
Q

What does the transitional epithelium function as

A

Protects the bladder tissue from any toxic waste within the urine

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7
Q

What is the trigone of the bladder

A

The triangular base of the bladder; it is an internal area of smooth mucous membrane

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8
Q

What enters and exits at the trigone of the bladder

A

The ureters enter the bladder, and the urethra exits

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9
Q

What is the muscular coat of smooth muscle around the bladder called

A

Detrusor muscle

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10
Q

What skeletal muscle allows us to control the passing of urine

A

Sphincter urethrae

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11
Q

What ligament holds the neck of the bladder in place

A
Males = puboprostatic
Females = pubovesical
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12
Q

Describe the vasculature of the bladder

A
Males = Superior vesical artery (x2) and inferior vesical artery (x1)
Females = Superior vesical artery (x2) and vaginal artery (x1)
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13
Q

What main artery does blood for the bladder originate from

A

Internal iliac artery

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14
Q

What plexus is formed that drains the bladder

A

Vesical venous plexus

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15
Q

Where does the bladder receive its innervation form

A

ANS inferior hypogastric plexus

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16
Q

Where does most of the lymph from the bladder region drain to

A

Internal iliac nodes

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17
Q

What secondary nodes does lymph from the bladder region drain to

A
  1. Lumbar nodes
  2. Common iliac nodes
  3. External iliac nodes
  4. Deep inguinal nodes
  5. Sacral nodes
18
Q

Where does the rectum run from, and to

A

The 3rd sacral vertebrae, to the tip of the coccyx

19
Q

Describe the peritoneum of the rectum

A

Upper 1/3 = covered by visceral peritoneum
Middle 1/3 = peritoneum on the anterior surface
Lower 1/3 = infraperitoneal

20
Q

What does the rectum change to after it hits the pelvic floor

A

The anal canal

21
Q

Are the sphincters of the rectum voluntary or involuntary

A
Internal = involuntary
External = voluntary
22
Q

What is the function of the levator ani muscle

A

Described as puborectalis, its job is to bend the base of the rectum preventing feces from moving down the rectum

23
Q

What are the 3 main arteries that supply the rectum (and where do they originate from)

A
  1. Superior rectal artery (inferior mesenteric)
  2. Middle rectal artery (internal iliac)
  3. Inferior rectal artery (internal pudendal)
24
Q

What are the 3 main veins that drain the rectum (and where do they drain to)

A
  1. Superior rectal vein (portal)
  2. Middle rectal vein (internal iliac)
  3. Inferior rectal vein (internal pudendal)
25
What nodes does lymph from the rectum drain to
Para-rectal nodes to the inferior mesenteric and internal iliac
26
Where does the rectum receive its innervation from
Inferior hypogastric plexus
27
Name the 3 different sections of the broad ligament
1. Mesometrium (uterus) 2. Mesovarium (ovaries) 3. Mesosalpinx (uterine tube)
28
Name the 3 different areas of the uterus
1. Fundus (top) 2. Body 3. Cervix
29
What does the cervix open up into
The vaginal canal
30
Name the ends of the uterine tubes that open into the ovaries
Fimbrae
31
Where does the ovarian artery originate from and what does it supply
Direct branch from the abdominal aorta; supplies the uterine tubes, ovaries and the fundus of the uterus
32
Where does the uterine artery originate from and what does it supply
Internal iliac artery; supplies the body and cervix of the uterus
33
What is the area called where the cervix meets the vaginal canal
Fornix
34
What is the swelling of the uterine tube just after the fimbrae
Infundibulum
35
Where does fertilisation normally occur
Ampulla of the uterine tube
36
What is the area called where the uterine tube enters the uterus
Isthmus
37
What does the broad ligament carry
Vessels, nerves and lymphatics to the uterus
38
What does the round ligament create
A potential lymphatic pathway
39
Name 3 of the supporting ligaments that attach to the cervix
1. Transverse cervical 2. Uterosacral 3. Pubocervical
40
Where do the ovaries receive their innervation from
The aortic plexus
41
What is the function of the ovaries
Ova and hormone production
42
What is the ligament of the ovary
A small fold of the connective tissue (of the broad ligament)