Pelvic Walls and Floor Flashcards

1
Q

What bones make up the pelvis

A

Sacrum (x1)

Innominate or hip bone (x2)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the hole in the inferior section of the pelvis called

A

Obturator foramen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What part of the pelvis do we sit on

A

Ischial tuberosity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Name the 3 main joints throughout the pelvis; and what type of joint are they

A
  1. Lumbosacral joint (secondary cartilaginous)
  2. Sacroiliac joint (synovial plane)
  3. Pubic symphysis (secondary cartilaginous)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What structures make up the anterior wall of the pelvis

A

Pubic bodies, pubic rami and pubic symphysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What structures make up the posterior wall of the pelvis

A

Sacrum, coccyx and piriformis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Describe the floor of the pelvis

A

The floor is muscular and composes the pelvic diaphragm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Name the 4 ligaments within the pelvis

A
  1. Posterior sacroiliac (fibrous)
  2. Anterior sacroiliac (synovial)
  3. Sacrospinous
  4. Sacrotubercle
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Name the common pelvic outlets in males and females

A
Male = Android
Female = Gynecoid
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Where does the iliacus muscle travel from and to

A

Iliac fossa, joins the psoas muscle (forming the iliopsoas) and inserts into the lesser trochanter of the femur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What nerve innervates the iliacus muscle

A

Femoral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the function of the iliacus muscle

A

Hip flexion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Where does the psoas muscle travel from and to

A

T12-L4 bodies and IV discs (superficial) and L1-L5 (deep), joins the iliacus (forming the iliopsoas) and inserts into the lesser trochanter of the femur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the function of the psoas muscle

A

Hip flexion, bend trunk laterally (one) and raise trunk from supine position (both)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the root value of the psoas muscle

A

Lumbar plexus direct branches L2-L4 anterior rami

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Where does the obturator externus muscle pass from and to

A

Outer surface of the obturator membrane to the trochanteric fossa of femur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Where does the obturator internus muscle pass from and to

A

Inner surface of the obturator membrane to medial surface of greater trochanter of femur

18
Q

What is the function of the obturator internus

A

Lateral rotation of the hip

19
Q

What is the innervation of the obturator internus

A

Nerve to obturator internus direct from sacral plexus (L5, S1)

20
Q

Where does the piriformis muscle pass from and to

A

Pelvic surface of the sacrum to the greater trochanter of the femur

21
Q

What is the function of the piriformis

A

Lateral rotation of the hip joint

22
Q

What nerve innervates the piriformis

A

Nerve to piriformis (S1, S2)

23
Q

What structures pass through the obturator foramen

A
  1. Obturator artery
  2. Obturator vein
  3. Obturator nerve
24
Q

What does the pelvic diaphragm prevent

A

It prevents any prolapse of structures within the pelvic cavity

25
What muscles form the pelvic diaphragm
1. Levator ani (iliococcygeus, pubococcygeus, puborectalis) | 2. Coccygeus
26
Where does the coccygeus muscle pass from and to
Ischial spine and sacrospinous ligament to the coccyx and inferior sacrum
27
What is the function of the coccyeus
Supports the pelvic viscera and flexes the coccyx
28
What is the root value of the coccygeus muscle
S4, S5
29
What are the 3 different subdivisions of pubococcygeus
1. Puborectalis (both sexes) 2. Levator prostatae (males) 3. Pubovaginalis (females)
30
What happens to levator ani during urination and defecation
It relaxes
31
Where do the most medial fibres of pubococcygeus insert into
The perineal body
32
What muscle fibres does the puborectalis muscle mix with
The external anal sphincter
33
What nerves innervate the puborectalis muscle
Pudendal nerve (S2-S4) and nerve to levator ani (S4)
34
Where does the iliococcygeus muscle attach to
Attaches to the fascia of obturator internus
35
What nerves innervate the iliococcygeus muscle
Pudendal nerve (S2-S4) and nerve to levator ani (S4)
36
What is the perineal body
Fibrous connective tissue located between the vagina/bulb of the penis, and the anus
37
What muscles attach to the perineal body
1. Levator prostatae (males) 2. Pubovaginalis (females) 3. External anal sphincter 4. Perineal muscles
38
What is the parietal pelvic fascia
Fascia that covers the internal wall and is thickened over the obturator internus to form the tendinous arch of the pelvis
39
What is the visceral pelvic fascia
Fascia that covers the organs
40
Where does the parietal and visceral pelvic fascia combine
They blend together as organs pierce the pelvic floor
41
What does endopelvic fascia acts as
It acts as a packing material around the organs
42
What are the two types of endopelvic fascia
1. Loose | 2. Condensed