Gluteal Region and Hip Joint Flashcards
Name the lateral rotators of the hip
- Gluteus maximus
- Piriformis
- Obturator internus
- Obturator externus
- Gemlli (superior and inferior)
- Quadratus femoris
Name the medial rotators and abductors of the hip
- Gluteus medius
2. Gluteus minimus
Name the muscle that is designed to support the gluteal region
Tensor fasciae latae
Where does the gluteus maximus extend from and to
The sacrum, sacrotuberous ligament and ilium (behind the posterior gluteal line) to the iliotibial tract and the gluteal tuberosity of the femur
What is the action of the gluteus maximus
It extends the hip and assist with lateral rotaiton
What is the innervation of the gluteus maximus
Inferior gluteal nerve (L5, S1, S2)
Where does the tensor fasciae latae extend from and to
Anterior iliac crest and the ASIS to the iliotibial tract
What is the action of the tensor fasciae latae
It tenses the fasciae latae and iliotibial tract; it supports the femur on the tibia during standing
What is the innervation of the tensor fasciae latae
Superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S1)
Where does the gluteus medius extend from and to
The ilium between the posterior and anterior gluteal lines to the greater trochanter of the femur
What is the action of gluteus medius
It abducts and medially rotates the hip
What is the innervation of the gluteus medius
Superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S1)
Where does the gluteus minimus extend from and to
The ilium between the anterior and inferior gluteal line to the greater trochanter of the femur
What is the action of the gluteus minimus
It abducts and medially rotates the hip
What is the innervation of the gluteus minimus
Superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S1)
Where does the piriformis extend from and to
The anterior sacrum and sacrotuberous ligament to the greater trochanter of the femur
What is the action of the piriformis
It laterally rotates the hip
What is the innervation of the piriformis
The anterior rami of S1 and S2
Where does the obturator internus extend from and to
The pelvic surface of the obturator membrane to the medial side of the greater trochanter of the femur
What is the action of the obturator internus
It laterally rotates the hip
What is the innervation of the obturator internus
The nerve to obturator internus (L5, S1)
Where does the superior gemellus extend from and to
The ischial spine to the tendon of the obturator internus
Where does the inferior gemellus extend from and to
The ischial tuberosity to the tendon of the obturator internus
What is the action of the gemelli
They laterally rotate the hip
What is the innervation of the superior gemellus
Nerve to obturator internus (L5, S1)
What is the innervation of the inferior gemellus
Nerve to quadratus femoris (L5, S1)
Where does the quadratus femoris extend from and to
Ischial tuberosity to the quadrate tubercle on the intertrochanteric crest of the femur
What is the action of the quadratus femoris
It laterally rotates the hip
What is the innervation of the quadratus femoris
Nerve to quadratus femoris (L4, S5, S1)
Where does the obturator externus extend from and to
The outer surface of the obturator membrane to the trochanteric fossa
What is the action of the obturator externus
It laterally rotates the hip
What is the innervation of the obturator externus
The obturator nerve (L3, L4)
What would happen if we didn’t abduct our legs during walking
Our toes would drag along the ground
What is the root value of the sciatic nerve
L4, L5, S1, S2, S3
Describe the pathway of the terminal branches of the sciatic nerve in relation to the piriformis muscle
- Tibial leaves below piriformis
2. Common peroneal can leave below, above, or through piriformis
What muscle orientates the superior and inferior gluteal vessels and nerves
Piriformis; superior vessels are above, inferior below etc
Where does the posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh lie; and what is its root value
Lies on the posterior aspect of the sciatic nerve; S1, S2, S3
What nerves branch from the posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh
Inferior clunial nerve
What attaches to the fovea
The ligament of the femur
Where does the head of the femur sit within the pelvis
The acetabulum
Name the 3 important ligaments that help to stabilise the hip joint
- Iliofemoral
- Pubofemoral
- Ischiofemoral
Where does the iliofemoral ligament extend from and to
The AIIS to the intertrochanteric line
What does the iliofemoral ligament limit at the hip joint
- Extension
- Lateral rotation
- Adduction (upper band)
- Abduction (lower band)
Where does the pubofemoral ligament extend from and to
The iliopubic eminence to the lower part of the intertrochanteric line
What does the pubofemoral ligament limit at the hip joint
- Extension
- Lateral rotation
- Abduction
Where does the ischiofemoral ligament extend from and to
The posterior aspect of the acetabulum to the greater trochanter of the femur
What does the ischiofemoral ligament limit at the hip joint
- Extension
- Medial rotation
- Adduction
Name the 3 main arteries that supply the hip joint
- Medial circumflex femoral
- Lateral circumflex femoral
- Acetabular branch from the obturator artery
