Gluteal Region and Hip Joint

Question 1

Name the lateral rotators of the hip

Answer 1

1. Gluteus maximus
2. Piriformis
3. Obturator internus
4. Obturator externus
5. Gemlli (superior and inferior)
6. Quadratus femoris

Question 2

Name the medial rotators and abductors of the hip

Answer 2

1. Gluteus medius

2. Gluteus minimus

Question 3

Name the muscle that is designed to support the gluteal region

Answer 3

Tensor fasciae latae

Question 4

Where does the gluteus maximus extend from and to

Answer 4

The sacrum, sacrotuberous ligament and ilium (behind the posterior gluteal line) to the iliotibial tract and the gluteal tuberosity of the femur

Question 5

What is the action of the gluteus maximus

Answer 5

It extends the hip and assist with lateral rotaiton

Question 6

What is the innervation of the gluteus maximus

Answer 6

Inferior gluteal nerve (L5, S1, S2)

Question 7

Where does the tensor fasciae latae extend from and to

Answer 7

Anterior iliac crest and the ASIS to the iliotibial tract

Question 8

What is the action of the tensor fasciae latae

Answer 8

It tenses the fasciae latae and iliotibial tract; it supports the femur on the tibia during standing

Question 9

What is the innervation of the tensor fasciae latae

Answer 9

Superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S1)

Question 10

Where does the gluteus medius extend from and to

Answer 10

The ilium between the posterior and anterior gluteal lines to the greater trochanter of the femur

Question 11

What is the action of gluteus medius

Answer 11

It abducts and medially rotates the hip

Question 12

What is the innervation of the gluteus medius

Answer 12

Superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S1)

Question 13

Where does the gluteus minimus extend from and to

Answer 13

The ilium between the anterior and inferior gluteal line to the greater trochanter of the femur

Question 14

What is the action of the gluteus minimus

Answer 14

It abducts and medially rotates the hip

Question 15

What is the innervation of the gluteus minimus

Answer 15

Superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S1)

Question 16

Where does the piriformis extend from and to

Answer 16

The anterior sacrum and sacrotuberous ligament to the greater trochanter of the femur

Question 17

What is the action of the piriformis

Answer 17

It laterally rotates the hip

Question 18

What is the innervation of the piriformis

Answer 18

The anterior rami of S1 and S2

Question 19

Where does the obturator internus extend from and to

Answer 19

The pelvic surface of the obturator membrane to the medial side of the greater trochanter of the femur

Question 20

What is the action of the obturator internus

Answer 20

It laterally rotates the hip

Question 21

What is the innervation of the obturator internus

Answer 21

The nerve to obturator internus (L5, S1)

Question 22

Where does the superior gemellus extend from and to

Answer 22

The ischial spine to the tendon of the obturator internus

Question 23

Where does the inferior gemellus extend from and to

Answer 23

The ischial tuberosity to the tendon of the obturator internus

Question 24

What is the action of the gemelli

Answer 24

They laterally rotate the hip

Question 25

What is the innervation of the superior gemellus

Answer 25

Nerve to obturator internus (L5, S1)

Question 26

What is the innervation of the inferior gemellus

Answer 26

Nerve to quadratus femoris (L5, S1)

Question 27

Where does the quadratus femoris extend from and to

Answer 27

Ischial tuberosity to the quadrate tubercle on the intertrochanteric crest of the femur

Question 28

What is the action of the quadratus femoris

Answer 28

It laterally rotates the hip

Question 29

What is the innervation of the quadratus femoris

Answer 29

Nerve to quadratus femoris (L4, S5, S1)

Question 30

Where does the obturator externus extend from and to

Answer 30

The outer surface of the obturator membrane to the trochanteric fossa

Question 31

What is the action of the obturator externus

Answer 31

It laterally rotates the hip

Question 32

What is the innervation of the obturator externus

Answer 32

The obturator nerve (L3, L4)

Question 33

What would happen if we didn't abduct our legs during walking

Answer 33

Our toes would drag along the ground

Question 34

What is the root value of the sciatic nerve

Answer 34

L4, L5, S1, S2, S3

Question 35

Describe the pathway of the terminal branches of the sciatic nerve in relation to the piriformis muscle

Answer 35

1. Tibial leaves below piriformis | 2. Common peroneal can leave below, above, or through piriformis

Question 36

What muscle orientates the superior and inferior gluteal vessels and nerves

Answer 36

Piriformis; superior vessels are above, inferior below etc

Question 37

Where does the posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh lie; and what is its root value

Answer 37

Lies on the posterior aspect of the sciatic nerve; S1, S2, S3

Question 38

What nerves branch from the posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh

Answer 38

Inferior clunial nerve

Question 39

What attaches to the fovea

Answer 39

The ligament of the femur

Question 40

Where does the head of the femur sit within the pelvis

Answer 40

The acetabulum

Question 41

Name the 3 important ligaments that help to stabilise the hip joint

Answer 41

1. Iliofemoral 2. Pubofemoral 3. Ischiofemoral

Question 42

Where does the iliofemoral ligament extend from and to

Answer 42

The AIIS to the intertrochanteric line

Question 43

What does the iliofemoral ligament limit at the hip joint

Answer 43

1. Extension 2. Lateral rotation 3. Adduction (upper band) 4. Abduction (lower band)

Question 44

Where does the pubofemoral ligament extend from and to

Answer 44

The iliopubic eminence to the lower part of the intertrochanteric line

Question 45

What does the pubofemoral ligament limit at the hip joint

Answer 45

1. Extension 2. Lateral rotation 3. Abduction

Question 46

Where does the ischiofemoral ligament extend from and to

Answer 46

The posterior aspect of the acetabulum to the greater trochanter of the femur

Question 47

What does the ischiofemoral ligament limit at the hip joint

Answer 47

1. Extension 2. Medial rotation 3. Adduction

Question 48

Name the 3 main arteries that supply the hip joint

Answer 48

1. Medial circumflex femoral 2. Lateral circumflex femoral 3. Acetabular branch from the obturator artery