The Nervous System Flashcards
What is a mixed nerve fibre
Such as inter coastal nerve
Phrenic nerve
Vagus nerve
Carry two or more functional types of nerve fibre to any given region of the body or structure
What are the 6 functions a nerve axon can be
Somatic sensory function Somatic motor Special sensory Visceral afferent Sympathetic Parasymp
What is the cns and pNS
Cns - brain and spinal cord
PNS - nerves out with cns , cranial nerves and spinal nerves, symp chains
What are cranial nerves
12 pairs
Connect with brain
Vagus nerve is example
What are spinal nerves
31 pairs
Connect with spinal cord
Named branches such as phrenic nerve etc
What do spinal nerves supply
The soma body wall
Such as the neck wall, chest wall, diaphragm, abdominal wall, pelvic Walls and the limbs
What is the dermatome map
Segmental arrangement of spinal nerves supply to body wall
What are some der ate landmarks
T4 - nipples
T10 - umbilicus
What are some functions of the nervous system
Allow us to sense our environment and make effective repsonse
Sensory and motor
Protective keep us safe internally and externally
Which nervous systems control the internal and external systems
Somatic - external
Autonomic - internal
What dos the somatic system Suzy
The soma body wall
Where are the somatic nervous system fibres found
Found in spinal nerves branches such as intercostal nerves and phrenic nerves
What does somatic sensory fibres do
Supply from skin, parietal pleura, skeletal muscles, bones and joints
What does somatic motor nerve fibres do
Supply to skeletal striated muscle including diaphragm
What is somatic nervous system in terms of being voluntary
Voluntary not including reflexes
What does somatic snensory neurones sense
Touch
Pain
Temperature
Joint position
How to somatic motor neurones respond
Skeletal started voluntary muscle move the skeleton appropriately
What is the autonomic nervous system in terms of being voluntary
It is involuntary
What are some examples of the autonomic nervous system actions
Internal enviro Heart rate Blood pressure Digestion Glandular sec
What are the two parts of e autonomic nervous system
Sympathetic - fight or flight
Parasympathetic - rest and digest
What can happen from symp Ns stim
Heart - rate increases
Arterioles - dilate to skeletal muscle and constrict to skin leading to pale and coldness
Skin - makes hair stand on end and produces sweat
Lungs - dilates bronchioles
Gut - reduces motility
Pupils - dilate
Liver - release glucose
What does the parasymp system do
Supply same organs as symp except skin and arterioles
Opposes symp
What are the branches called that come off of the symp trunk
Splanchinic nerves
What are the functions of the spinal nerves - intercostal
Somatic motor
Sensory
Symp to skin and arterioles
What are the functions of the vagus nerve
Somatic motor
Somatic sensory
Parasymp
Cranial nerve 10
What are two neurotransmitters involved in the symp syst
Noradrenaline - at all organs
Acetylcholine - all para vertebral ganglia
What does a neurone consists of
A ganglion
Dendrites
Myelin sheath
Axon - nerve fibre
