Clinical Relevance Of The Gag Reflex 2

Question 1

What si the pharynx involved in

Answer 1

Breathing 
Speaking 
swallowing 
Coughing 
Sneezing 
Vomiting 
Gagging

Question 2

What is aspiration

Answer 2

Inhalation of solid/liquid into lungs
Usually fragments of teeth, amalgam material

Pharynx protects against this

Question 3

What are the parts of the pharynx

Answer 3

Nasopharynx
Oropharynx
Laryngopharynx

Question 4

What si the nasopharynx

Answer 4

Posterior to nasal cav
Base sphenoid bone down soft palate
Pharyngeal tonsils

Question 5

Where si the oropharynx

Answer 5

Behind oral cav

Question 6

Where is the laryngopharynx

Answer 6

Form sup border of epiglottis and rus down and meets oes starts about c6

Question 7

What are the components of the RESP tract

Answer 7

Nasal cav
Oral cav
Larynx
Trachea

Question 8

What si the alimentary canal

Answer 8

Oral cav
Oesophagus
Pathway for food

Question 9

What are the layers form the pharynx to the vertebrae

Answer 9

Pharynx 
Pharyngeal muscle 
Buccooharyngeal fascia 
Alar fascia 
Retropharyngeal space 
Prevertebral fascia 
Prevertebral muscle 
Vertebra

Question 10

Why is the retropharyngeal space of importance

Answer 10

Let’s pharynx and larynx move relative to vertebrae
Clinically imp as adipose tissue and lymphatics
May cause spread of infection

Question 11

What are the external muscles of the pharynx

Answer 11

Circular muscles

Question 12

How are the circular muscles related to eachother

Answer 12

Overlap eachother

Question 13

Are circular muscles vol or invol

Answer 13

Vol

Question 14

What is unusual about the contraction of the circular muscles

Answer 14

Sequential

Invol

Question 15

What innervates the circular muscles

Answer 15

Vagus

Pharyngeal plexus

Question 16

Where do the circular muscles insert onto

Answer 16

The midline raphe

Question 17

What si the fascia between the superior circular muscle and the occipital bone

Answer 17

Pharyngo- basilar fascia

Question 18

What a re the circular muscles

Answer 18

Superior
Middle
Inferior

Question 19

What are the attachments of the superior circular muscles

Answer 19

Pterygoid hamulus
Pterygomandibular raphe
Mylohyoid line

Question 20

What are the attachments of the Middle circular muscle

Answer 20

Greater horn of sphenoid

Question 21

What a re the attachments of the inferior circular muscle

Answer 21

Thyroid cartilage ( oblique line) 
Cricoid cartilage

Question 22

What are the gaps between the circular muscles

Answer 22

Gateway to the mouth

Question 23

What travels through the gateway to the mouth

Answer 23

Lingual artery
Stylophafyngeus
Glossopharyngeal nerve

Question 24

What are the the internal muscles of the pharynx

Answer 24

Longitude dinar

Question 25

What are the longitudinal muscles of the pharynx

Answer 25

Stylophafyngeus Palatopharyngeus Salpingopharyngeus

Question 26

What is the different longitudinal muscle

Answer 26

Stylophafyngeus

Question 27

Where does the stylophafyngeus insert from and travel through

Answer 27

Form styloid process | Travel through gateway to the mouth with Glossopharyngeal nerve

Question 28

What innervates the stylophafyngeus

Answer 28

Only one supplied by Glossopharyngeal

Question 29

Where does the cricopharungeaus connect from

Answer 29

Connect from soft palate

Question 30

Where does the salpingopharyngeus connect form and what is it made from

Answer 30

Opening of auditory tube | Cartilage of pharyngotympanic tube

Question 31

Where do all longitudinal muscles insert onto

Answer 31

Posterior border of thyroid cartilage and wall of pharynx

Question 32

What si the action of the longitudinal muscles to the pharynx and larynx

Answer 32

Elevate

Question 33

What innervates the salpingopharyngeus and cricopharungeaus

Answer 33

Vagus

Question 34

What kind of cartilage is the epiglottis

Answer 34

Elastic

Question 35

What si the valeculla

Answer 35

Depression between posterior base of tongue and epiglottis

Question 36

What a re choana

Answer 36

Holes spaces lead to nasal cav

Question 37

What si the uvula

Answer 37

Muscularis uvulae Dangle Skeletal muscle

Question 38

What are trh pisiform fossa

Answer 38

Spaces depressions either side of larynx

Question 39

What sit he laryngeal inlet

Answer 39

Beginning of the larynx

Question 40

What composes the pharyngeal plexus

Answer 40

Nerve fibres form vagus and Glossopharyngeal, symp axons and parasymp axons

Question 41

What are the MAIN motor and sensory contributions to the pharyngeal okexus

Answer 41

Motor mainly vagus | Sensory mainly Glossopharyngeal

Question 42

What supplies the motor innervation to the muscle of the pharynx

Answer 42

All vagus excluding stylophafyngeus which is innervated by Glossopharyngeal

Question 43

What innervates the mucosa of the pharynx

Answer 43

Mainly Glossopharyngeal Parts nasopharynx V2 Parts laryngopharynx vagus

Question 44

What si the sensory innervation of the nasopharynx

Answer 44

V2 just anterior and superior to auditory tube | Glossopharyngeal

Question 45

What si the sensory innervation of the oropharynx

Answer 45

Glossopharyngeal | Tonsilar fossa and posterior tongue

Question 46

What is the sensory of the laryngopharynx

Answer 46

Glossopharyngeal just SUPEIROR to epiglottis | Vagus

Question 47

What kind of reflex is the gag reflex

Answer 47

Protective

Question 48

What nerves does the gag reflex stimulate

Answer 48

Mainly Glossopharyngeal Post 1/3rd tongue Tonsils Wall oropharynx

Question 49

What does the gag reflex attempt to do

Answer 49

Close off oropharynx before laryngopharynx

Question 50

What are the muscles involved in the gag reflex

Answer 50

Constructors if the pharynx Longitudinal muscles of pharynx Tongue soft palate

Question 51

What is the first step of swallowing

Answer 51

Food bolus squeezed to back of mouth | Tongue against palate

Question 52

What is the second stage of swallowing

Answer 52

Nasopharynx closed off Larynx elevated Pharynx enlarged to recieve bolus

Question 53

What si the third stage of swallowing

Answer 53

Pharyngeal constructors contract sequentially | Epiglottis deflects bolus

Question 54

What si the final stage of swallowing

Answer 54

Bolus moves into oes

Question 55

What is the pharynx

Answer 55

Space that connects mouth/nose above to the larynx | Mouth to the oes