The Eye Flashcards
What is the base of the orbit
Orbital rim
What is the roof of the orbit
Orbital part of frontal bone
Sphenoid
What is the floor of the orbit
Orbital surface of maxilla
Zygomatic and palatine bones
Roof maxillary sinus
Inferior orbital fissure
What is the medial wall of the orbit
Maxilla Lacrimal Ethmoid Sphenoid Anterior and posterior ethmoid a, foraminae
What is the lateral wall of the orbit
Zygomatic
Greater wing of shpenoid
What are the parts of the muscle around the orbit area
Palpebral - on eyelids
Orbital - around orbit
What is the orbicularis oculi
Muscle of facial expression
Sphincter of the eye
What are the tarsal plates
Skelton of eyelid
Dense bands of connective tissue
What is embedded in the tarsal plates
The tarsal glands lubricate eyelids prevent sticking together
What to medial and lateral palpebral ligaments do
Act as anchor to the skeleton of eyelids
What is the levator palpebrae superioris
Muscle tendon
Dual motor nerve supply from oculomotor and and sympathetic
What does the palpebrae conjunctive cover
Internal surface of eyelids
Reflected onto eyeball and continuous to bulbar conjunctiva which is transparent
What does the bulbar conjunctive cover
Sclera
What does the bulbar conjunctive contain
Small blood vessels
What does the lacrimal gland produce
Tears
What type of innervation does the lacrimal glamd receive
Parasymp from facial nerve
What is the pupil
Variable sized black circular opening
Regulates amount of light into the eye
What does e iris attach onto
Sphincter pupillae muscle which contracts the pupil and the dilator pupillae which opens the pupil
What is the sclera
Opaque white
Fibrous protective layer of the Eh
What is the lacrimal apparatus
Containing orbital structures for tear production and drainage
How many layers does the eye consist of and what are those laters
3
- outer fibrous layer
- vascular pigmented layer
- inner layer mural retina layer
What does the vitreous humour do
Support the lens and retina
What does the ciliary body do
Produce the aq humour and control lens
What is the darker spot at the back of the eye called
Macula area of most acute vision
How does the ciliary body change the lens
Contrcating suspensory ligaments
What are the extraocular muscles
4 rectus - inferior, superior,lateral and medial
2 oblique - superior and inferior
Levator palpebrae
What cranial nerves supply what extraocular muscles
Lateral rectus - abducens
Superior oblique - trochlear
The rest oculomotor but the levator palpebrae superioris also has a sympathetic innervation
What are the divisions of the Opthalmic Nerve at the supra orbital fissure
Frontal - supra trochlear supra orbital
Lacrimal
Nasociliary - posterior ethmoid, infra trochlear, anterior ethmoidal ( external nasal)
What is the Apex of the orbit
The optic foramen
