Clinical Relevant Lymphatics

Question 1

What does the lymphatic system do

Answer 1

Removes excess fluid form the tissues of the body and returns it to the venous system
Carries fat from GI tract to the venous system
Produces immune cells in defence against infection and cancer

Question 2

What is the important name change

Answer 2

Excess fluid left in tissue is tissue fluid by as soon as taken up by lymphatic system it is called lymph

Question 3

What is the condition which can occur if the lymphatic drainage is not efficient

Answer 3

Elephantiasis

Question 4

What are regional lymph nodes

Answer 4

Group of nodes which first receive lymph form any given structure

Question 5

What do lymph nodes do

Answer 5

Screened for infectious agents and cancer cells by lymphocytes and macrophages
Swells if fights it

Question 6

Where is lymph not produced in soft tissues

Answer 6

Brain

Question 7

What are the two groups of the lymph nodes of the head and neck

Answer 7

Superficial and deep cervical nodes

Question 8

Where does the superficial ring of the regional lymph nodes drain

Answer 8

Drain scalp, face, superficial upper neck

Question 9

What are the superficial nodes

Answer 9

Occipital nodes
Mastoid nodes
Parotid nodes
Buccal nodes

Superficial cervical nodes
Sub mental nodes
Submandibular nodes

Question 10

What are the deep lymph nodes

Answer 10

Deep cervical nodes
Retropharyngeal nodes
Su mental and submandibular nodes

Question 11

What are the tonsils of the head and neck

Answer 11

Palatine tonsil
Palatine associated lymphoid tissue
Pharyngeal tonsil adenoid
Tubal tonsil

Question 12

Where is the palatine tonsil

Answer 12

Oropharynx
Between 2 arches anterior arch caused by mucosa of palatal glossus extending form palate to side of the tongue
Then posterior arch - palatopharyngeus

Question 13

Where is the pharyngeal tonsil adenoid found

Answer 13

Nasopharynx superior margin

Question 14

Where are the tubal tonsils found

Answer 14

Nasopharynx

Surround auditory tube just under mucosa of nasopharynx

Question 15

What is the waldeyer’s ring of lymphoid tissue

Answer 15

Circumscribes the nasopharynx and oropharynx some tonsilar tissue in soft palate
Tonsils first line of defence against exogenous aggressors
Generation of B cells in germinal centres of tonsils

Question 16

What drains specifically to the jugulo-digrastic node

Answer 16

Lymph from the palatine tonsil

If enlarged - tonsillitis

Question 17

Where does all soft and hard tissue lymph of the mouth drain to

Answer 17

Sub mental node then submandibular then deep cervical

Question 18

What is drained form the sun metal nodes

Answer 18

Lower anterior teeth 
Alveolar bone 
Gingiva 
Middle of lower lip and chin 
Tip of tongue

Question 19

What is the lymphatic drainage of the anterior 2/3rs of the tongue

Answer 19

Middle drains - bilaterally to inferior deep cervical lymph nodes
Sides drains - unilaterally to submandibular nodes
Tip drains - bilaterally to sub mental nodes

Question 20

What is the lymphatic drainage of theosteriro 1/3rd of the tongue

Answer 20

Bilaterally to superior deep cervical lymph nodes

Question 21

What happens to infected lymph nodes

Answer 21

Swollen
Painful 
Soft 
Smooth
Not fixed 
Improves with antibiotics

Question 22

What are the features of cancerous lymph nodes

Answer 22

Swollen 
Not painful 
Hard 
Irregular 
Fixed
Don't improve

Question 23

What is the lymphatic system

Answer 23

System of organs - bone marrow, spleen, thymus

Lymphatic vessels + lymph nodes and mucosa associated lymphoid tissue