Clinical Anatomy Of Respiration Part 1 Flashcards
What is the Skelton of the chest wall
Clavicle Scapula Acromion Coracoid process Spine of scapula 12 thoracic vertebrae
What dos the adult vertebral column consist of
7 cervical 12 thoracic 5 lumber 5 sacral 4 occygeal
Why does vertebrae vary in size in different areas
To do with weight distribution
Larger vertebrae designed to be able to bear more weight than thinner
Coccyx tapers as weight goes to pelvis
Why dos the spine have curvature
- Curves
Primary - thorax and occygeal as when foetus
Secondary - cervical and lumbar
What are the features and functions of a typical vertebrae
Inferior and superior articulate processes
Vertebral arch - composed of pedicel and lamina
Vertebral body - weight bearing
Vertebral foramen - spinal chord passes
Spinous process - ligament and muscle attachments
Transverse process - ligament and rib articulations
Which ribs are typical
3-9
What are the features of a typical rib
On the head = facets to articulate with vertebrae
Tubercle which articulates with transverse process of vertebrae
Angle is the most vulnerable turning point
Costal groove inside the rib
Body
What ribs are atypical
1,2,10-12
What are the features of rib 1
Shortest broadest most sharply curved
Least likely to fracture
2 transverse grooves scalene tubercle for the subclavian artery and vein
Only one facet on head
How do u take a central venous cannulation.
Index in jugular notch
Thumb halfway across clavicle insert needle beneath thumb under clavicle
What are the joints of the chest wall
Costovertebral
Intercostal
Sternocostal
Sternockavicular
What is the costal margin
Palpable bottom of rib cage
What is a true rib
Rib that articulates directly to the sternum 1-6
What is a false rib
Rib that indirectly shares am articulation to the sternum with other ribs 7-10
What is a floating rib
Ribs that do not articulate to the sternum 11 + 12
What is the anatomy of the sternum
Jugular notch Sternal angle at rib 2 Manubrium Body Xiohoid process
Where is the cephalic vein situated
Deltlo pectoral groove
Joins auxiliary vein and forms superior vena cava
What are some muscles of anterolateral chest wall
Pec major/min
Deltoid
Latussimus dorsi
Serratus anterior (anchors scapula to ribs)
What nerve powers the serratus anterior
Long thoracic nerve lies on top of muscle giving innervation
What is winged scapula
Paralysis of serratus anterior form injury to long thoracic nerve
Which can’t hold scapula to ribs and wall of thorax
What are the intercostal muscles
Internal
Innermost
External
Pull ribs closer together
What are the two mechanism used to lift the thoracic cavity
Bucket handle mechanism
Pump handle
How many intercostal spaces are there
11
Where is a neurovascular bundle situated
Between internal and innermost muscle layers
What is thorcentesis
Sampling fluid from pleural cavity via intercostal space
Between neurovascular bundle and colaterol one
What is a collateral bundle
Smaller neurovascular bundle
What are the two parts of the thorax
Chest wall - protect heart and lungs, make movement of breathing, breast tissue
Chest cavity - in chest walls, contain vital organs and major vessels/nerves
