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Anatomy > Gag Reflex > Flashcards

Gag Reflex Flashcards

1
Q

What su the pharynx involved in

A 
Breathing 
Sneezing 
Coughing 
Speech 
Vomiting 
Swallowing 
Gagging
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2
Q

How does the pharynx protect against aspiration

A

Aspiration - inhalation of solids/liquids into lungs such a fragments of teeth etc

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3
Q

Where is the nasopharynx

A

Posterior to nasal cav
Base of sphenoid down soft palate to inferior border
Pharyngeal tonsils

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4
Q

Where is the oropharynx

A

Beihind oral cav

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5
Q

Where is the laryngopharynx

A

From superior border of epiglottis and runs down and meets oes start at C6

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6
Q

What does the eustanchion/auditory tube do

A

Connects pharynx up to Middle ear

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7
Q

What are the layers from the pharynx to cervical vertebrae

A 
Pharynx
Pharyngeal muscle 
Buccooharyngeal fascia 
Alar fascia
Retropharyngeal space 
Prevertebral fascia 
Prevertebral muscle 
Anterior longitudinal ligament 
Vertebrae
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8
Q

What are the external layer of muscles of the pharynx known as

A

Circular muscles which overlap eachother

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9
Q

are the circular muscles vol or invol

A

Vol

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10
Q

Even though the circular muscles are said to be vol what is unusual

A

Contract sequentially out with control

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11
Q

What innervates the circular muscles

A

Vagus never via pharyngeal plexus

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12
Q

Where do all the circular muscles insert onto

A

Midline raphe

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13
Q

What muscle attaches to cricoid cartilage and where is this

A

Cricopharyngeus at inferior constrictor muscle

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14
Q

What are the 3 constrictor muscles

A

Superior
Middle
Inferior

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15
Q

What su the fascia which connects the occipital bone to the constrictor muscles

A

Pharyngobasilar fascia

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16
Q

What are the gaps between the pharyngeal muscles called

A

Gateway to the mouth

17
Q

What passes thro the gateway to the mouth

A

Glossopharyngeal
Lingual artery
Stylopharyngeus muscle

18
Q

What is the different longitudinal muscle

A

Stylopharyngeus
Styloid process
Passes thro gateway to the mouth with Glossopharyngeal nerve
Only muscle supplied by Glossopharyngeal

19
Q

What are the other longitudinal muscles

A

Palatopjaryngeus.

Salpingopharungeus

20
Q

What is the palatopharyngeus

A

Connect from soft palate

21
Q

What is the salpingopharyngeus

A

Opening of auditory tube

Cartilage of pharyngotympanic tube

22
Q

What do the longitudinal muscles do and where do they insert to

A

They elevate pharynx and larynx

Insert onto posterior border of thyroid cartilage and wall of pharynx

23
Q

What cranial nevre innervates the palatopharyngeus and salpingopharyngeus

A

Vagus

24
Q

What kind of cartilage is the epiglottis

A

Elastic

25
Q

What is the valeculla

A

Depression between posterior base of tongue and epiglottis

26
Q

What are the choana

A

Holes/spaces lead to nasal cav

27
Q

What su the uvula

A

Dangle bit at back

28
Q

What are the purified fossae

A

Spaces/depressions either side of larynx

29
Q

What is the laryngeal inlet

A

Beginning of the larynx

30
Q

What is the pharyngeal plexus

A

Nerve fibres derived form Glossopharyngeal and vagus sympathetic axons and parasymp
Motor mainly Vagus
Sensory mainly Glossopharyngeal

31
Q

What is the motor innervations of the muscle of pharynx

A

All supplied by vagus via pharyngeal plexus except stylophafyngeus which is supplied by Glossopharyngeal

32
Q

What innervates the mucosa

A

Glossopharyngeal
V2 parts in nasopharynx
Vagus laryngopharynx

33
Q

What is the gag reflex

A

Protective reflex

Trees to close off oropharynx before laryngopharynx

34
Q

What nerves are stimulated by the gag reflex

A

Nerve fibres of Glossopharyngeal mainly
Posterior 1/3rd of tongue
Tonsils
Walls of oropharynx

35
Q

What are the muscles involved in the gag reflex

A

Constrictors of pharynx - circular
Longitudinal muscles of pharynx
Tongue and soft palate

36
Q

What su the sequence of swallowing

A

Food bolus squeezed to back of mouth tongue against palate

Nasopharynx closed off, larynx elevated, pharynx enlarged to receive bolus

Pharyngeal constructors contract sequentially, epiglottis deflects bolus

Bolus moves to oes

37
Q

What is the pharynx

A

Space that connects the nose and mouth above to the larynx and mouth to oes below

Anatomy (44 decks)

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