Cranial Nerves Flashcards
What are the modalities of the nerves
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What are the functions of the olfactory nerves
Olfaction - smell
Special sensory
What does the olfactory nerve innervate
Olfactory epithelia
What are the function of the optic nerve
Special sensory
Vision
What dos the optic nerve innervate
The retina
What is the motor aspect of the oculomotor nerve innervate and do
Most of the extraocular
Except lateral rectus or superior oblique
Movement of eyeball
What is the parasympathetic contribution of the oculomotor nerve
Pupillary constrictor
Ciliary muscle of the eyeball
Which are both innervated by the ciliary ganglion
What does the trochlear nerve do
Motor innervation to the superior oblique extraocular muscle
What is the sensory contribution of the trigeminal nerve
Face Scalp Conrea Nasal and oral cavities Cranial dura mater
General sensation
What si the motor aspect of the trigeminal
Muscles of mastication - opening and closing mouth
Tensor tympani muscle - tension of tymp mem
What is the action of the abducens nerve
Motor innervation of lateral rectus movement of he eyeball
What’s the sensory aspect of the facial nerve
Special sensory of taste to the anterior 2/3 of tongue via lingual nerve with chorda tympani
What’s the Motor aspect of the facial nerve
Muscles of facial expression
Stapedius muscle - tension of ossicles
What is the parasympathetic innervation of the facial nerves
Salivary and lacrimal glands via submandibular and pterygopalatine ganglia
What’s the function of the vestibulocochlear nerve
Sensory to cochlea (hearing) and vestibular apparatus (balance)
Where does the Glossopharyngeal supply sensory innervation to
Eustachian tube middle ear - general sensation
Carotid body and sinus - chemo/baroreception
Pharynx and post 1/3 tongue - taste
What’s it eh motor function of the Glossopharyngeal
Stylophafyngeus
Swallowing
What’s it eh parasympathetic contribution of the Glossopharyngeal
Salivary glands via otic ganglion
What is the vagus sensory innervation
Pharynx larynx oes and external eat - general sensation
Aortic body and arch - chemo/baroreception
Visceral sensation
What’s it eh motor function of th vagus
Soft palate, larynx, pharynx upper oes
Allowing speech and swallowing
What’s the parasympathetic contribution of the vagus
Control of cardio, RESP and GI systems
What does accessory nerve do
Motor innervation to the scm and trapezius allowing movements of the head and neck
What does the hypoglossal nerve do
Motor innervation to intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the tongue Exceot palatoglosses which is innervated by vagus
Where do the nerves originate
1,2 --> brain 3,4 --> midbrain 5 --> pons 6,7,8 --> junction between pons and medulla 9,10,12 --> medulla 11 --> spinal cord
What are e parasympathetic cranial nerves
3
7
9
10
‘What are the parasympathetic ganglion go the head and neck
Ciliary
Sphenopalatine
Su maxillary
Otic
What does the ciliary ganglion innervate
Sphincter pupillae which contracts the pupil
Ciliary muscles accommodating near vision
What does the pterygopalatine ganglion innervate
Secretomotor to lacrimal gland
Mucous gland of posterosuoeriorly nasal cav
Nasopharynx
Palate
What does the submandibular ganglion supply
Secretomotor innervation to submandibular and sublingual glands
What does the otic ganglion supply
Innervation tot he parotid gland
Where si the otic ganglion situated
Under foramen ovale
How does the olfactory nerve leave the cranial cavity
Crubiform plate
How does the optic nerve leave cranial cav
Optic canal
Optic chiasm cross over of sight to visual cortex
How does the oculomotor nerve leave the carnival cav
Pierces dura mater
Through cavernous sinus (gets parasymp from Ica in cav sinus)
Superior orbital fissure
What si the course of the trochlear nerve to leave the cranial cav ee
Subarachnoid space
Wall of cav sinus
Superior orbital fissure
What is the purse for the trigeminal nerve leaving the cranial cavity
Pons Middle cranial fossA Opthalmic - sup orbital fissure Maxillary - foramen rotundum Mandibular with motor root - foramen ovale
Who does the abducens leave the cranial cav
Pons Subarachnoid space Dura mater Through cav sinus Superior orbital fissure
How does the facial nerve exit the cranial cav
pons motor and sensory root, IAM stylomastoid foramen
What are the branches of the facial nerve
Intracranial
Extra cranial
Intracranial
- iam –> geniculate ganglion which branches to greater petrosal, nerve to stapedius and chorda tympani
- stylomastoid formen
Extra cranial
- posterior auricular branch
- motor root terminating in parotid gland
What si the course of the Vestibulochoclear nerve
Vestibular and cochlear fibres aggregate and exit via iam
What si the course of the Glossopharyngeal nerve
Leaves cranium via jugular foramen
Tympanic nerve arises with sensory and parasymp
You panic plexus –> to otic ganglion
What si the course of the vagus nerve
Via jugular foramen
Auricular branch
What are the branches that arise form the vagus nerve and what do they supply
Pharyngeal branches - motor innervation to most of pharynx and soft palate
Sup laryngeal nerve - internal (sensory to laryngopharynx and sup larynx) and external ( Cricothyroid)
Recurrent laryngeal nerve - only on right side, hooks under aorta inv intrinsic most larynx
What si the course of the accessory nerve
Spinal part - enter cranial cav via formen magnum, meet cranial part and out via jugular foremen
Cranial part - medulla, meet Spinla part out via jugular formen
What’s si the course of the hypoglossal nerve
Out via hypoglossal canal
Association with Ansa cervicalis
What sit he Ansa cervicalis
Contribution form branch of hypoglossal
Partly cervical plexus C1,2,3
Inv depressors of hyoid - stereo hyoid, omohyoid, sterenothyroid
What are the cranial nerves
Olfactory Optic Oculomotor Trochlear Turgeminal Abducens Facial Vestibulocochlear Glossopharyngeal Vagus Accessory Hypoglossal
