The Kronstadt Rising 1921 Flashcards
Who were the Kronstadt sailors?
Taken part in the October/November revolution and had fought for the Reds during the Civil War
What did Lenin claim that the Kronstadt revolt was?
‘the flash which lit up reality better than anything else”
What caused further strikes and riots in 1921
- the food crisis of 1921
- reduction of a third in the bread ration in Moscow and Petrograd
What did the workers protest against and who did they show support for in 1921?
- against a lack of union representation in factories
- supported other socialist parties
When was martial law declared?
January 1921
Who was used to crush riots and demonstrations when some regular soldiers refused to take action in 1921?
the Cheka
How many sailors stationed in Kronstadt naval base rebelled?
30,000
When did the Kronstadt sailors send a manifesto to Lenin demanding an end to one-party communist rule?
March 1921
In the Kronstadt sailors manifesto sent to Lenin in March 1921, what did they demand? (3)
- an end to one-party communist rule
- genuine democracy
- civil rights
What was the slogan used by the Kronstadt sailors?
‘Soviets without Bolsheviks’
At the time of the Kronstadt uprising, who led the Red Army?
Marshal Tukhackevsky
Where was Marshal Tukhackesky sent by Trotsky ?
five miles across the ice to crush the rebels
As well as the Red Army who under Marshal Tukhackevsky were sent my Trotsky five miles across the ice to crush the rebels, who else were they supported by ?
by an artillery force on land and Cheka men to the rear in case any solider tried to desert
What happened to the ring leaders of the Kronstadt revolt?
they were shot
How many rebels were taken prisoner ?
15,000 rebels
where were most rebels taken?
to a labour camp on the White Sea
What did Lenin denounce the sailors as ?
‘White Traitors’
Who set up the ‘Workers’ Opposition’ group’?
Alexandra Kollontai
What did the ‘Workers’ Opposition’ group set up by Alexandra Kollontai argue for? (3)
- greater worker control
- removal of managers
- removal of military discipline in factories
Why did the Workers Opposition group set up by Alexandra Kollontai object to State appointed trade union leaders?
as this effectively made them tools of the regime
What did Petrechenko, a spokesman for that demonstrators, denounce commissars at a public meeting as?
denounced them as true communists
When did the sailors and workers elected Petrechenko as chairman of a 15 man revolutionary committee ?
early in march
Who did the sailors and workers elect as chairman of a 15 man revolutionary committee in early march 1921?
Petrechenko
How many Red Army troops stormed the Kronstadt base?
60,000
How did Lenin justify the Kronstadt rising?
he blamed the rising as the work of bourgeoisie enemies of the October Rising
When and where did Lenin declare that the Kronstadt rising had “lit up reality like a lighting flash’?
March 1921 at the 10th Conference of the Communist Party
