CHP4.2 Establishment of Bolshevik authority under Sovnarkom Flashcards
Who was the Menshevik leader?
Tsereteli
How long did Menshevik leader Tsereteli predict the Bolsheviks would last?
That Bolshevik power would last 3 weeks
How many out of the 670 delegates voted in favour of a socialist government?
500
What did Trotsky say to the right wing SR’s as they left the Bolshevik and left wing SR coalition?
said they belonged in the “dustbin of History”
How did Sovnarkom rule?
-Ruled by decree without seeking the Soviets approval
How often did the Sovnarkom meet compared to the Soviet?
Sovnarkom met once or twice a day
-Soviet met increasingly less frequently but continued until the 1930’s
How long did it take the Bolsheviks to persuade the State Bank to hand over its reserves?
10 days
Who at first refused to serve the Bolsheviks?
2
- civil servants
- bankers
What was Kerensky’s forces in Gatchina?
18 Cossack regiments and a small force of SR cadets and officers
During the Revolution, how did Kerensky escape Petrograd?
Used a car from an American Embassy and disguised himself as a nurse
Why did the Bolsheviks appear weak in terms of military after the October rev?
(3)
- Many soldiers from the Petrograd garrison had returned home after the revolution +
- Lenin had no direct contact with troops at the front
- opposition forces were larger
What opposition did the Bolsheviks face on the 29th October?
- an army cadet rose against the Bolsheviks in Petrograd but were defeated by the Red Guard
- The Executive Committee of Railwaymen (Mensheviks, SR’s, Bolsheviks) demanded a ‘united socialist government’ and refused to transport food
Which group of Mensheviks, SR’s and Bolsheviks demanded a ‘united socialist government’?
the Executive Committee of Railwaymen
What happened on the 31st October?
Bolsheviks took control of Baku and in 17 provincial capitals
When were Kerenskys opposition forces defeated?
2nd November 1917
What was the “Declaration of Rights of the Peoples of Russia”? created on the 2nd November 1917
The “Declaration of Rights of the Peoples Russia” permitted the nationalities of Russia to break away and have full independence if they choose to do so
Which 2 places declared their right to control their own affairs after the “Declaration of Rights of the Peoples Russia” by the end of 1917?
- Finland
- Ukraine
What did Lenin do on the 3rd of November?
Lenin declared an ultimatum to end Bolshevik division.
Those who wanted to leave the party could leave
Kamenev was replaced by Sverdlov as Chairman of the “All Russian Central Executive Committee”
When was the first session of the second “All Russia Congress of Soviets” ?
on the first day of the revolution 25th October
Which 2 Bolsheviks spoke out about the coup?
Kamenev and Zinoviev
When the Mensheviks and right wing SR’s walked out of Congress who did they leave in control?
the Bolsheviks and left wing SR’s
Who did the Sovnarkom comprise ?
exclusively Bolsheviks
Who was chairman of the Sovnarkom?
Lenin
What position did Trotsky achieve in the Sovnarkom?
Commissar for Foreign Affairs
How did Lenin contradict the slogan he came to power with “All power to the Soviets”?
as he had no intention of sharing power with other socialists
What did the Sovnarkom immediately do without reference to the Soviet?
it initiated peace talks with Germany
What was the purpose of the word ‘commissar’?
this was to distinguish new officials from the old bourgeoise ‘ministers’ although they fulfilled the same function
What was the role of Stalin in the early Bolshevik government?
Commissar for Nationalities
Where did Kerensky set up a new headquarters?
Gatchina
How many Cossack regiments did Kerensky have in his new headquarters in Gatchina?
18
Why were Lenin’s forces smaller than the number of his opponents such as Kerensky?
many soldiers from the Petrograd garrison returned home in the countryside after the revolution and Lenin had no direct contact with troops at the front
Who rose against the Bolsheviks within Petrograd and quickly defeated by the Red Guard?
an army cadet
Which 3 political parties composed the Executive Committee of Railwaymen?
- Bolsheviks
- Mensheviks
- SR’s
What did the Executive Committee of Railwaymen demand on the 29th October?
a “united socialist government”
What did the Executive Committee of Railwaymen refuse to do in defiance of the Bolsheviks until there was a “united socialist government’?
refused to transport food
How did Lenin combat the demands of the Executive Committee of Railwaymen who wanted a “united socialist government”?
He ignored them and the protest eventually stopped
On the 31st October where did the Bolsheviks take control of?
Baku and 17 provincial capitals
When were Kerensky’s opposition forces defeated?
2nd November
When did the Bolshevik government permit the nationalities of Russia to break away and have full independence if they chose to do so?
2nd November
by the end of 1917 which 2 major Russia areas declared their right to control their own affairs?
Finland and Ukraine
When did Lenin proclaim the victory of the revolution?
5th November 1917
By the end of 1917 what did the bolsheviks dominate?
the major towns and railways
When did Lenin agree to allow 7 left wing SR’s to join the Sovnarkom?
November 1917
How many left wing SR’s did Lenin agree to join the Sovnarkom in November 1917?
7
