Dual Authority Flashcards
Who gave power to the Dual Authority?
General Duke Mikhail relinquished political authority to a hastily convened Provisional Government
Who, at first, governed the Provisional Government?
Prince Lvov, a wealthy aristocrat and zemstvo leader
Who did the Provisional Government consist of?
cross section of the influential elites who had formerly favoured the constitutional monarchy
- Liberals
- Moderate socialists
- Kadets
What did the Provisional Government promise which would draw up a new constitution for Russia ?
that there would be a new Constituent Assembly election
Who accepted the Provisional Government as being legitimate? (4)
- Mikhail
- old Tsarist civil service
- army officers
- police
Where was the Provisional Government set up?
The right wing of the Tauride Palace in Petrograd
What did the mass of workers, soldiers and peasants regard the Provisional Government as?
a self-appointed committee of wealthy aristocrats tainted by their previous associations to Stardom
Where was the Petrograd Soviet established?
In the left wing of the Tauride Palace
Who was included in the Petrograd Soviet? (4)
- Mensheviks
- Social Revolutionaries
- radical socialist intellectuals
- small number of Bolsheviks
In the Petrograd Soviet, how many of the executive committee members were actually workers themselves out of how many?
7 out 42
Who was the only member of both the PG & PS?
Alexander Kerensky
What was the Dual Authority also known as in Russian?
dvoevlastie
What did the Soviets make no attempt to demand from the PG?-
- land redistribution
- nationalisation of industry
What did the PS accept the PG’s promises of ?
8
- general amnesty for all political prisoners
- civil liberties
- abolition of legal disabilities based on class, religion and nationality
- freedom to organise trade unions and to strike
- election of a Constituent Assembly
- Abolished death penalty at the front
- freedom of religion
- freedom of press
What did the PG replace the tsarist police force with ?
a ‘peoples militia’
What did ‘Order No.1 mean’?
-that soldiers and workers should obey the PG but only when the Soviet agreed with the PG
How is it evident that the PG and PS conflicted on areas such as peasants and workers?
the PS encouraged peasants and workers to defy authority and assert their ‘rights’
What was the PG and PS view on war?
PG- wanted to have an all out effort to win the war
PS- wanted to end the war ‘without annexation’ of territory by the Germans as the price of peace
Who made the speech announcing that Russia would continue in the war in April 1917 until a ‘just peace’ had been won?
Milyukov
Who had to resign in May as a result of the popular discontent from the speech in April 1917 that announced Russia would be continuing in war until a ‘just peace’ had been won?
- Milyukov
- Guchkov
Who led the protest which forced Milyukov and Guchkov to resign in May 1917 as a result of the war speech in April 1917 ?
- Public
- Led by the PS
Who replaced Milyukov and Guchkov?
Socialists from the Soviet
- Viktor Chernov
- Alexander Kerensky
- 2 more Mensheviks were added to the cabinet
What was the role of
- Viktor Chernov
- Alexander Kerensky ?
Viktor Chernov- Minister of Agriculture
Alexander Kerensky- Minister of War
When did Kerensky replace Prince Lvov as Chairmain ?
July 1917
Why were the PG trapped in their decision regarding the war?
2
- Felt bound by their alliance to Britain and France
- Relied on French loans for survival
Why did the PG postpone elections for a new Constituent Assembly?
(2)
i) They knew that the SR’s would win support from peasants
ii) and by June the Bolsheviks would control the workers votes in the cities who were against the war
Who did the workers, soldiers and peasants regard as more democratic than the Provisional Government?
the Petrograd Soviet
Why did the executive committee claimed to be directly democratic even though on 7 of the 42 committee members were workers themselves?
as its members were elected by various lesser St Petersburg soviets
What was Alexander Kerensky able to do as the only member of both the PG and the PS?
he was able to reach an agreement between them both
What did the agreement for the PS and PG to work together lay down the foundation of?
for the “Dual Authority” or dvoevlastie
Who did the PG dismiss?
Provincial Governors
When the PG dismissed Provincial Governors who did they give their work to?
to the elected zemstva
Why did little get done under the PG such as land redistribution to the peasants?
as they had sad that key policy changes should await a Constituent Assembly however they continued to postpone elections from fear of losing
Why did the PS offer no alternative leadership to the PG?
as they believed their main task was to protect the rights of workers and peasants
