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RUSSIA > The Great Patriotic War and its impact on the Soviet Union, 1941-1945 > Flashcards

The Great Patriotic War and its impact on the Soviet Union, 1941-1945 Flashcards

1
Q

What did Stalin sign the Nazi-Soviet pact in 1939 thinking?

A

it would buy him time to prepare for the Nazi invasion of USSR

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2
Q

When did Germany begin their invasion?

A

June 1941

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3
Q

When did they reach Moscow and get pushed back?

A

Dec 1941

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4
Q

Where did the Germans launch towards after Moscow June 1924?

A

the Caucasus oilfields

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5
Q

Who surrended at Petrograd 1943

A

Nazis

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6
Q

Where was the new German offensive defeated in July 1943?

A

Kursk

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7
Q

When was Kiev ‘liberated’ by the Red Army?

A

November 1944

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8
Q

When did the Siege of Leningrad end?

A

Jan 1944

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9
Q

What was the summit meeting held in Feb 1945?

A

Yalta summit

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10
Q

When was the final defeat of Germany?

A

May 1945

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11
Q

What was the German codename for USSR invasion?

A

Operation Barbarossa - launched 22 June 1941

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12
Q

How was the Nazis invasion force split?

A

into three groups
Leningrad, Ukraine. Moscow

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13
Q

What direct action did Stalin take after the invasion?

A

absolutely none he didn’t believe it

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14
Q

How many weeks until Stalin talked poublically about the invasion?

A

2 weeks

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15
Q

Who made a radio broadcast in Stalins place on 22nd June?

A

Molotov, foreign minister

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16
Q

When did Stalin hold his speech calling on the USSR to join a patriotic war against fascism?

A

3 July

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17
Q

why did the Soviet Army have inexperienced commanders?

A

Stalin removed them during the military purges of 1937

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18
Q

What brought on a massive defeat in the south in September 1941?

A

Stalin refused to allow armies to retreat from Kiev.

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19
Q

When was Stage 1 of the war?

A

June 1941 to Summer 1942

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20
Q

What is a summary on stage one of the war?

A

Soviet Russia struggled to survive, massive losses

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21
Q

When did the siege of Leningrad begin?

A

8 Sept 1941

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22
Q

What was the first sign of German hesitation?

A

advance on Moscow halts - 5 dec

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23
Q

When did Stalingrad’s bombardment begin?

A

23 Aug 1942

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24
Q

How many troops invaded USSR in June 1941?

A

3 million

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25
Q

How many Soviet troops captured at Kiev?

A

665,000

26
Q

What was refused on 15 October?

A

Soviet attempted peace treaty

27
Q

What was a turning point of Stage 1 of WW2?

A

Intelligence from Japan - Stalin could use troops from Siberia to defend Moscow

28
Q

When was the second Stage of WW2?

A

1942 to summer 1943

29
Q

What is a summary of the second WW2 stage?

A

Russia stabilised war effort, built a powerhouse economy

30
Q

When did the Germans surrender at Stalingrad?

A

2nd Feb 1943

31
Q

What could be said about the second stage of the war?

A

The war was mostly about stamina, Hitler couldnt keep up

32
Q

What was central to Soviet successes at Prokhorovka in 12 July?

A

Mass production of T-34 tank

33
Q

What was a big mistake Hitler made in Feb 1943?

A

refusing to pull troops out of Stalingrad.

34
Q

When was Stage 3 of WW2?

A

1943 to 1945

35
Q

What is a summary of Stage 3?

A

Soviet armies on offensive, recapturing areas and pushing into Germany.

36
Q

When was the liberation of Kiev?

A

6 Nov 1943

37
Q

When did Soviet troops enter Poland?

A

4 Jan 1944

38
Q

From when was there a chain of Soviet victories?

A

August 1943

39
Q

When did the Soviets reach Berlin?

A

April 1945

40
Q

How was the Soviet Union ravaged by the war?

A

huge destruction by German advance, plus Soviet scorched earth tactics

41
Q

What was life like for civilians on the Home Front?

A

unrelentlessly harsh - food, shelter, fuelHow many

42
Q

How many civillians died in the war?

A

12 millions

43
Q

What stat shows the devastation on the Civillians?

A

1 in 8 died by 1945

44
Q

How many towns and cities/villages destroyed?

A

1700 towns,
70,000 villages

45
Q

What is an example of Brutality and repression from Germans?

A

Thousands of soldiers held as POW,
thousands of workers conscripted in German factories,
Soviet commissars executed

46
Q

How many Jews were shot in September 1941?

A

34,000 - Babi Yar graves

47
Q

What is an example of Brutality and repression from Soviets

A

Thousands arrested or executed as deserters,
170,000 executed for treason,

48
Q

How many people were deported by the russians in May 1944?

A

Tartar population - 240,000

49
Q

Who were the Soviets harsh towards?

A

people from liberated western areas,
returned Prisoners of war

50
Q

What did the experience of war achieve?

A

brought Soviet people together - huge sacrifices made by manyh

51
Q

How were the Soviet people united?

A

fear and hatred of Nazis,
deep patriotism,
underlying faith in Stalin

52
Q

How many were in the Red Army in 1941 compared to after conscription?

A

4.8 million in Red Army - added 29.5 million

53
Q

What was destroyed by the German occupation of western regions?

A

the basis of Soviet economy, for industry and agriculture

54
Q

How many trains took Soviet industry beyond the Urals?

A

20,000

55
Q

How many factories were moved from Moscow?

A

500

56
Q

What proved to be effective during wartime?

A

the Centrally controlled command economy

57
Q

What made huge improvements for Soviet Army?

A

T-34 Tank, quick and easy to repair.
military tactics

58
Q

How many American trucks of supplies were supplied to the US under the US Lend-Lease scheme?

A

300,000

59
Q

What was the US Lend-Lease scheme?

A

Us Policty to supply allies with food, oil and military equipment

60
Q

What did the USSR downplay, which was an important factor in Army mobilisation?

A

Foreign aid, especially in Winter 1942/43 - USSR recovering from heavy losses

61
Q
A

RUSSIA (24 decks)

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