Foreign relation and the attitudes of foreign policy Flashcards
Who felt betrayed by the Brest-Litovsk - March 1918
Britain and France
What two groups had Russia been left out of?
Paris Peace Conference.
League of Nations
What did Churchill say he’d do to Bolshevism following the Revolution in 1917?
“strangle Bolshevism in its cradle”
What ended Russia’s diplomatic isolation?
the Treaty of Rapallo
How did the British forces attack Russia during the Civil war?
Blockaded trade through Baltic sea,
attacked Murmansk
How many US troops landed at Vladivostok?
11,000
Why did Britain, France and USA initially want to help the whites?
to keep them in the war and stop Germany moving troops to western front
When did the motive for foreign intervention change?
November 1918 - after ww1, ending Bolshevism
What was the impact of foreign intervention?
too small-scale to have impact,
However Japanese invasion of eastern siveria - didn’t threaten Bolsheviks though,What
What did the Bolsheviks claim about Foreign powers?
they had faced them and wonHow
How did the west respond to losing the Civil War.
continued isolation of Russia, except for Britain in Nov 1920
What was the Comintern?
an international communist organisation to spread Marxism and revolution
When was the founding Congress of the Comintern?
march 1919
What key issues were raised at the first Comintern meeting?
Lenin promoted soviet system as best way of spreading Marxism
What key issues were raised at the second Comintern meeting?
Lenin’s 21 conditions; requirements to become a member of Comintern
What was the reaction to Lenin’s 21 Conditions at the scond Comintern progress, July-August 1920?
Mixed - some broke away, however Bolshevik victory looked certain
When was the Third Comintern Progress?
June-July 1921
What was the key issue of the third comintern congress?
the Recovery of the bourgeoisie in Poland and Germany
What were the reactions to the third comintern meeting?
dissapointed - Weimar Republic was ‘bourgeois-democratic’ - Russia left alone
When were the first conflicts between Polish and Bolshevik forces?
1919
Who did the Poles ally with in May 1920?
Ukrainians - to take Kiev
When was the Treaty of Riga?
March 1921
What was the Rapallo treaty?
Russia and German trade
When was the Rapallo Treaty - what did it promote?
April 1922 - ‘Mutual Goodwill’ in commercial and economic relations
When was the Zinoviev letter published?
Oct 1924
What did it claim to be?
a letter from Zinoviev aimed at Labour government to raise a revolution in Britain
What was the impact of the Zinoviev letter?
small impact on the election, however damaged Russia and Britains relations
What were the positives and negatives about the October/November REvolution?
Lenin masterminded power,
However, power grab upset many
What were the positives and negatives about the single-party rule
Lenin could enforce his will, strong leadership,
however rapidly increasing bureaucracy, ruthless repression
What were the positives and negatives about the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk?
Breathing space to consolidate power.
However enormous territorial losses for Russia - triggered Civil war
What were the positives and negatives about War Communism
sacrificed everything - helped Red Army win war
However created wide famine - caused collapse in economy
What were the positives and negatives about the NEP
helped stabilise economy and reduce food shortages,
However seen as a backwards step
When did Lenin die?
January 1924
