Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

RUSSIA > Agricultural and social developments in the countryside > Flashcards

Agricultural and social developments in the countryside Flashcards

1
Q

When was Stalins ‘war against the kulaks’ speech?

A

1929

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

When were peasants forced into collective farms?

A

December 1929

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

When was the ‘Urals-Siberian Method’ expanded to all grain-producing regions in USSR?

A

May 1929

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Who opposed the Urals-Siberian Method?

A

Bukharin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Who did Local Party officials call on to identify Kulaks?

A

poorer peasants - would get to use richer land

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How many party activists were sent to help dekulakisation?

A

25,000 in Nov 1929

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Who assisted the 25,000ers in dekulakisation?

A

local police, OGPU and Red Army

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How were people persuaded to join collective farms?

A

fear that they’d be called kulaks if not

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What % of farms were collectivised in 1929?

A

5%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What percentage of peasant households were identified as kulaks?

A

15% - 150,000 deported to Siberia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

When did Stalin announce that 50% of farms had been collectivised?

A

March 1930

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Who did stalin blame for the violence of collectivisation?

A

the Party officials for their ‘overzealousness’
allowed brief return to voluntary collectivisation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what % of households were collectivised after it was voluntary in Oct 1930?

A

only 20%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

When was collectivisation reinforced after the return to voluntary collectivisation?

A

after spring 1931

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

When where all farms collectivised?

A

1941

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How did kolkhozes differ from sovkhozes in terms of land?

A

Kolkhozes - small individual farms combined
Sovkhoz - tsarist-era estates, ran by state

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What was the difference in K and S on who worked thee?

A

Kolkhoz - farms already existed, up to 75 families in a village
Sovkhoz - members recruited from landless labourers.

18
Q

how were kolkhoz members paid compared to sovkhoz?

A

kolkhoz - divided farm earnings by number of days contributed
Sovkhoz - classified as workers, paid a wage

19
Q

How private were Kolkhoz farms compared to Sovkhoz?

A

Kolkhoz - communal fields, small private plots
Sovkhoz - large-scale production, also small plots allowed

20
Q

What could be said about the farm quotas?

A

set to be low - so workers can be fed cheaply and make money off of exporting grain

21
Q

How were Kolkhozniks and Sovkhoz workers restricted from leaving?

A

internal passports - 1932

22
Q

When were Machine Tractor Stations (MTS) set up?

A

1931

23
Q

How many MTS per farm was there in 1940?

A

1 MTS : 40 farms

24
Q

How many tractors were around by the start of 1933?

A

75,000

25
Q

Who were stationed at MTS to help efficiency of farms?

A

Agronomists, vets, surveyors and technicians.

26
Q

What was a disadvantage around the efficience of MTS?

A

only improved efficiency in some areas due to machines only completely part of a process

27
Q

how did peasants oppose the process of collectivisation?

A

through killing livestock and destroying machines

28
Q

How did the armed forces respond to the unrest?

A

brutally - deporting those who resisted - maybe even burning villages

29
Q

How many people were deported as kulaks under stalin?

A

10 million.

30
Q

how were collective farms treated badly?

A

targets high, nothing if quotas not met.

31
Q

how many peasants migrated to towns and cities by 1939?

A

around 19 million

32
Q

How many people died of famine between 1932-1933?

A

6-8 million people.

33
Q

What was collectivisation a failure in accomplishing?

A

increasing agricultural productivityHo

34
Q

How far did livestock numbers fall due to peasant intervention?

A

25-30%

35
Q

How was collectivisation successful in achieving social aims for farming

A

Dekulakisations and collectivisation - farming under state control.
capitalism eradicated

36
Q

What % of peasant households were collectivised in 1941?

A

100%

37
Q

What did the urban population of the USSR increase to between 1922 and 1940?

A

from 22 million to 63 million

38
Q

how many people died due to famine?

A

6-8 million

39
Q

What did the grain exports increase to from 1928 to 1931?

A

30,000 to 5 million

40
Q

What provided stalins justification for the ‘Great Turn’?

A

the USSR succeeding in grain export aims

RUSSIA (24 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions