culture and society

Question 1

How did Culture have a significant place in USSR?

Answer 1

used to promote propaganda, and transform society

Question 2

How many schools were closed and destroyed by 1941?

Answer 2

40,000

Question 3

What was different about Sunday?

Answer 3

abolished as a day of rest - any day within 6 day week

Question 4

How many priests were imprisoned during the purges?

Answer 4

4000

Question 5

How did Soviet Muslims suffer?

Answer 5

had their property and institutions seized

Question 6

What was banned for Soviet muslims in 1935?

Answer 6

Pilgramage to Mecca

Question 7

What other religions were persecuted?

Answer 7

Jewish and Buddhist institutions closed

Question 8

What did Trotsky call Stalin’s social policies?

Answer 8

the ‘Great Retreat’ - retreat from social experiments of 1920s

Question 9

What did Stalin introduce in 1936?

Answer 9

the ‘family code’

Question 10

What did the family code make illegal?

Answer 10

abortion, contraception,

Question 11

What did the family code make more difficult to obtain?

Answer 11

divorce - also gave tax breaks to mothers with 6 or more children

Question 12

How did the number of abortions drop from 1935 to 1939?

Answer 12

1.9 million - 755,000

Question 13

How many women were wokring in 1940 compared to 1928

Answer 13

3 million - 13 million

Question 14

What were women encouraged to do?

Answer 14

give up paid work when married

Question 15

What % of men and women were married in 1937?

Answer 15

91% men 82% women

Question 16

What were working women expected to do/

Answer 16

housework and childcare

Question 17

What did education prioritise in the 1920s?

Answer 17

ideology over knowledge.

Question 18

What was stalins opinion on the 1920s education policies?

Answer 18

as a disaster, failing to produce skilled workers, scientists and technicians.

Question 19

What did the school system abandon in 1935?

Answer 19

a quota system - instead accepted most able, no preference.

Question 20

What did secondry schools curriculum include?

Answer 20

promoted nationalism and military training.

Question 21

What did Stalin reintroduce that Leninn banned?

Answer 21

exams

Question 22

How many people were literate before 1917?

Answer 22

65%

Question 23

How many people were literate by 1941?

Answer 23

94% towns and cities
86% countryside

Question 24

What was the Komsomol?

Answer 24

Soviet youth organisation

Question 25

What ages did the Komsomol for?

Answer 25

10-28 year olds, 10-15 ‘young pioneersWh

Question 26

at did the komsomol encourage?

Answer 26

Socialist values - organising voluntary work,
against selfish or unhealthy behaviour (like drinking)

Question 27

What were available for Young Pioneers?

Answer 27

Free summer and winter holiday camps

Question 28

When did the komsomol become directly affiliated with the Communist part?

Answer 28

1939

Question 29

What did members of the Komsomol take in their oath?

Answer 29

to live, study and fight for the fatherland

Question 30

What did the Komsomol help to do?

Answer 30

many mega-projects such as Magnitogorsk and Komsomolsk

Question 31

What was one reason why children 12 or older could be tried as adults?

Answer 31

the regime linked orphans and abandoned children to ‘hooliganism’

Question 32

However how was ‘hooliganism’ rare?

Answer 32

only a minority interested in western culture

Question 33

How did stalinism affect working men?

Answer 33

affected them badly

Question 34

Where did skilled working men get better opportunities than unskilled working men?

Answer 34

training and education - former peasants found harsh labour difficult

Question 35

What movement gave skilled workers power over managers?

Answer 35

the Stakhanovite movement from 1935

Question 36

How were living conditions for unskilled poor?

Answer 36

overcrowded, with little/no privacy

Question 37

What was a positive