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RUSSIA > 'High Stalinism' 1945-1953 > Flashcards

'High Stalinism' 1945-1953 Flashcards

1
Q

What was a key feature of leadership under High Stalinism?

A

unchallenged dictatorship of Stalin

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2
Q

How was Stalin seen as?

A

the heroic leader of Great Patriotic War,
god-like and apart from others

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3
Q

What could be said about state terror?

A

renewed terror,
purges in ideological ‘purity’

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4
Q

What was wrong about the Party during high Stalinism?

A

institutions weakened or ignored,
rivalries and plots,
Stalin withdrawn and paranoid,

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5
Q

How was the Party side-lined after ww2?

A

no Party congress between 1939 and 1952

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6
Q

What happened to Red Army heroes?

A

downgraded, couldn’t challenge Stalin

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7
Q

What example of Red Army command got downgraded?

A

Marshal Zhukov - sent to Odessa to lower-level command

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8
Q

Who plotted Zhdanov’s downfall in 1948?

A

Malenkov and Beria

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9
Q

How many returned POW were sent to Gulags?

A

15% of 1.8 million (offence to surrender/suspicious on collaboration with Germans)

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10
Q

What could get a person denounced and arrested?

A

contact with foreigners, 1947 - law outlawed marriage to foreigners.

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11
Q

How many wartime survivors were sent to the Gulags?

A

12 Million

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12
Q

Who was the head of the NKVD after the war?

A

Beria - deputy prime minister, as well as head of USSR’s atomic weapons programme.

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13
Q

How was the NKVD strengthened under Beria?

A

split into two separate ministries:
MVD
MGB

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14
Q

What was the MVD?

A

Ministry of internal affairs, controlled domestic security and gulags.

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15
Q

What was the MGB?

A

Ministry of State Security, handled counter-intelligence and espionage.

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16
Q

Who was appointed to lead cultural policy in 1946?

A

Andrei Zhdanov

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17
Q

What did Zhdanov insist Artists and writers to follow?

A

Socialist realism, praise of Stalin and Soviet achievements, criticism of American commercialism/

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18
Q

What did those whose work didn’t embody socialist realism had to do?

A

publicly apologise to keep working

19
Q

Who was expelled under Zhdanov’s purge?

A

Zoshchenko and Anna Akhmatova

20
Q

What composers were criticised for ‘rootless cosmopolitanism/

A

Shostakovich and Prokofiev

21
Q

What was blocked and impossible to get?

A

Western cultural influences - such as newspapers

22
Q

what was soviet scientific development hampered by?

A

Lysenko’s Academy of Sciences

23
Q

What did Lysenko’s Academy of Sciences do?

A

suppress new theories or lines of research if contradictory of Marxist principles

24
Q

What was Stalin portrayed as after saving the USSR?

A

Stalin portrayed as greatest living genius - superior in all philosophy, science, military and economics

25
Q

What did it become customary for all books and atricles to do?

A

acknowledge Stalins genius on the subject

26
Q

What replaced Lenin’s Oct/Nov revolution victory as the Greatest event of Russian history?

A

Stalin’s victory in the Great Patriotic War

27
Q

How was Stalin portrayed as a man of the people?

A

he was instinctively in touch with what the average worker was thinking,What did

28
Q

What did towns and cities compete for?

A

To be renamed after Stalin,

29
Q

What was there a movement for Moscow to be renamed to?

A

Stalinodar

30
Q

What were lunched after the USSR felt Soviets being excluded from Nobel prizes?

A

Stalin prizes

31
Q

Where was Stalin suspicious of after WW2?

A

the Party base in Leningrad

32
Q

Why was Stalin suspicious of Leningrad?

A

rivals often built up power base
Trotsky, Zinoviev, Kirov and Zhdanov

33
Q

What did stalin dislike about Leningraders?

A

the glorification of their struggle to survive the seige on Leningrad

34
Q

How many days did the seige of Leningrad last?

A

872 days

35
Q

When did Zhdanov die of a heart attack/

A

August 1948W

36
Q

What followed Zhdanovs death in Leningrad?

A

a purge of Leningrad Party, 2000 Party officials dismissed and replaced by 1950

37
Q

Who as targetted in 1951/

A

the Mingrelian ethnic group in GeorgiaWho was

38
Q

Who was Mingrelian?

A

Beria - accusations of working with ‘Jewish Plotters’

39
Q

What did Stalin use the accusations of a ‘Jewish Plot’ for?

A

to limit Beria’s power

40
Q

Who accused the doctors that treated Zhdanov of contributing to his death?

A

A doctor and informer - Lydia Timashuk

41
Q

When did Stalin use the complaint over Zhdanov’s death to arrest Jewish doctors?

A

1952

42
Q

What did Stalin accuse the Jewish doctors of?

A

a ‘Zionist conspiracy’ to harm USSR on behalf of Israel and USA

43
Q

Who else was caught in the purge following ‘The Doctors Plot’?

A

Wives of Molotov and Kalinin.
Thousands of ordinary Jewish people

44
Q

How many senior doctors were condemned to death, but survived due to Stalin’s death?

A

9

RUSSIA (24 decks)

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