Power Vacuum and power struggle Flashcards

1
Q

How was the party in theory supposed to be controlled?

A

through collective leadership

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2
Q

When was Stalin made General Secretary of the Party?

A

April 1922

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3
Q

Who was in the Triumvirate, formed in May 1922

A

Stalin, Kamenev and Zinoviev

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4
Q

When was Lenin’s testament suppressed at the Party Congress

A

May 1924

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5
Q

What had Lenin introduced to dispell democracy?

A

the 1921 Ban on factions

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6
Q

What had replaced the ‘power to the soviet’ idea by 1924?

A

a centralised control from the party

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7
Q

What was a key issue with Leninist government by 1924?

A

had created a huge state bureauceracy, carrying out orderse from superiors

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8
Q

When did Lenin write his 600-word testament?

A

December 1922

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9
Q

What changes did he propose to the Central Committee?

A

double the members from 50 to 100

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10
Q

Who did Lenin’s testament criticise?

A

everyone in the party - especially Stalin.

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11
Q

Why did Lenin treat Stalin harshly?

A

Because he had been rude to Lenin’s wife - used brute force to supress Georgian independence

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12
Q

Who did Lenin endorse as his successor?

A

Nobody

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13
Q

Who wanted Lenin’s testament to be read at the Twelfth party congress?

A

Lenin’s wife - Nadezhda Krupskaya

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14
Q

Who didn’t want Lenin’s testament to be read out?

A

Kamenev, Zinoviev and Stalin - as well as Trotsky

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15
Q

Who initially seemed like the most likely person to succeed Lenin?

A

Trotsky - he played key roles in Bolshevik seizure of power and the Civil War

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16
Q

What was the Triumvirate’s main goal?

A

to block Trotsky’s rise to power

17
Q

Who joined the left in 1924-25, to combat Stalin?

A

Zinoviev and Kamenev

18
Q

Who joined Stalin after the Triumvirate fell apart?

A

Bukharin - Stalin resented him due to his popularity

19
Q

Who opposed Bukharin?

A

Rykov and Tomsky

20
Q

What are the key strengths of Stalin?

A

General Secretary - could appoint supporters to key roles in the Party,
underestimated by opponents,
Placed himself close to Stalin,
Didn’t seem like a threat

21
Q

What was Stalin’s weaknesses?

A

Not prominent in Oct/Nov revolution or Civil War,
Seen as rude, crude and illeducated.
Seen as ‘a grey blur’
Others knew he’d fallen from Lenin’s favour

22
Q

What was Trotsky’s strengths?

A

Recognised as hero for Oct/Nov Rev + MRC.
War hero for Civil War
inspirational speaker and intellectual
known for formidable political skills

23
Q

Was was Trotsky’s weaknesses?

A

Arrogant and dismissive of less smart people,
indecisive and inconsistent,
feared by many Bolsheviks,
Didn’t try to build follower base,

24
Q

Strengths of Zinoviev?

A

An ‘Old Bolshevik’ - Lenin’s closest and most trusted assistant,
Had a strong Leningrad powerbase,
one of best speechmakers

25
Q

Weaknesses of Zinoviev?

A

opposed Lenin in Oct 1917 - briefly left party
vain and unpredictable
Underestimated Stalin.

26
Q

Strengths of Kamenev?

A

‘Old Bolshevik’ - close to Lenin,
Strong power base in Moscow,
Effective team player.

27
Q

Weaknesses of Kamenev?

A

Opposed Lenin in Oct 1917,
Viewed as Zinoviev side-kick
underestimated opponents

28
Q

Bukharin strengths?

A

Popular in party,
regared as best theoretician,
expert on economics and agriculture

29
Q

Bukharin weaknesses?

A

Cooperative - avoided in-fighting,
popularity made him target
underestimated Stalin,

30
Q

Rykov Strength?

A

‘Old Bolshevik’
Good administrator
supported by Sovnarkom - Deputy Chairman 1923, Chairman 1924

31
Q

Rykov weaknesses?

A

taxation on vodka unpopular,
opposed Lenin over timing of revolution,
Lacked power base

32
Q

Tomsky strengths?

A

respected in party as ‘Old Bolshevik’
Strong support base
Natural ally of moderates

33
Q

Tomsky weaknesses?

A

Hated Trotsky - couldn’t see Stalin threat
power base in trade union - Stalin resentment
support for NEP used against him - 1927 grain crisis