The Family In Society

Question 1

What is socialisation?

Answer 1

The process whereby an individual learns appropriate norms, values, behaviour and social skills in order to behave in a manner acceptable in society, this occurs primary in the family and secondarily at school or work.

Question 2

What is socioeconomic grouping?

Answer 2

The classification of individuals according to their economic and social position in relation to others in society based on their income, education and occupation. In Ireland there is lower, middle and upper.

Question 3

What is social mobility?

Answer 3

The movement of individuals between socioeconomic groupings that may occur due to educational progression

Question 4

What. Is social change?

Answer 4

Changes that take place due to major developments for example changes in technology, national or international events and law reforms

Question 5

What is kinship?

Answer 5

The blood relation that exists between family members.

Question 6

What are norms?

Answer 6

The normal patterns of behaviour that individuals are expected to follow within society eg saying please and thank you

Question 7

What are values?

Answer 7

The attitudes and beliefs of a society regarding what is right and wrong. This is reinforced by the laws of the country.

Question 8

What is culture?

Answer 8

What way of life if a society which includes language, music, customs, norms, values and skills passed on from one generation to the next.

Question 9

What is a role?

Answer 9

The expected pattern of behaviour of an individual according to their status or position in society eg a judge must be fair and impartial

Question 10

Define the term family

Answer 10

A group of people related to each other by blood, marriage or adoption.

Question 11

Explain what is understood by the universality of family

Answer 11

The family is a group that exists in some form in all societies throughout the world. The form may change due to variations in culture but the family is a fundamental cornerstone in society.

Question 12

Describe the nuclear family

Answer 12

consists of parents and their children, on average small because of this they are mobile, usually have dual and there is democratic decision making and roles are shared equally.

Question 13

Describe the extended family

Answer 13

consists of grandparents, aunts uncles, cousins parents and children. They are very large in size meaning they can be quite immobile. They are economically interdependent, long lasting and historically have a patriarchal approach with segregated roles. There is a lot of support.

Question 14

Describe the one parent families:

Answer 14

Consists of one parent and their children. 86% of one parents families are headed by women. lone parents often live with their parents, dependant on social welfare and there may be emotional difficulties due to coping with the demands of sole parenting.

Question 15

Describe the blended family

Answer 15

consists of two parents from previous relationships or marriages and their children. Larger family size, can cause a lot of conflict if step siblings or parents don’t get along and there could be a change in family rules and discipline. Could be financial strain as two families need to be supported.

Question 16

What was the structure of the family like pre industrial

Answer 16

Extended family was the norm

Question 17

What was the family structure like post industrial

Answer 17

Move away from rural extended family to urban nuclear family to seek employment

Question 18

What was the family structure like modern day

Answer 18

Nuclear family is most common but blended and one parent families are more common due to increased acceptance of diveroce and separation

Question 19

What was marriage like pre industrial

Answer 19

Often arranged and a dowry had to be paid

Question 20

What was marriage like post industrial

Answer 20

Generally people chose their own partners by love

Question 21

What’s marriage like modern day

Answer 21

Couples base their marriage on love and secular weddings are much more common, it is also acceptable to divorce or separate and remarry

Question 22

What were the size of children like pre industrial

Answer 22

Families were large with on average 7-9 children, contraception was banned and children were seen as work assets

Question 23

What were size and children like post industrial

Answer 23

Family size were smaller with average number of children 4-6, deinfluence of Catholic Church and increased contraception

Question 24

What were size and children like modern day

Answer 24

Families are much smaller, on average 1.4 children as contraception is widely available and society is much more secular, childcare costs are also very high

Question 25

What was standard of living like pre industrial

Answer 25

Poor as wages were low, many homes were damp and cold, nearly 10% of infants died due to disease infection or nutrition

Question 26

What was standard of living like post industrial

Answer 26

Standard improved as people earned regular dependable wage, homes had electricity and sanitation, improved health services, introduction of health card

Question 27

What’s standard of living like modern day

Answer 27

Standards are high many families have dual income homes are better insulated and high levels of sanitation, health services have new treatments and improved facilities

Question 28

What were roles like pre industrial

Answer 28

Families were patriarchal, men had full control, went to work, disciplined the children and made all decisions. Women were submissive and followed their husbands, worked in the home

Question 29

What were roles like post industrial

Answer 29

Families became less patriarchal as women’s rights improved however segregated roles were still very evident in the home

Question 30

What are roles like modern day

Answer 30

Egalitarian both having a say on parenting, finances and discipline. Integrated roles are evident between parents both playing an equal role in household tasks despite gender

Question 31

What is a society

Answer 31

A group of people who share a common way of life

Question 32

What are social groups

Answer 32

Subgroups of people within a society who share a common purpose.

Question 33

What are mores

Answer 33

The norms values and customs that are considered important in society.

Question 34

What is status

Answer 34

The position held by individuals relative to others within society. It is often defined by the amount of prestige and respect shown to them by others

Question 35

What are social institutions

Answer 35

Organised social arrangements found in many societies

Question 36

What are the three social changes on the family structure

Answer 36

Marital breakdown, changing role of women and same sex marriage and adoption

Question 37

What are the three economic changes that affect the family structures

Answer 37

High cost of living, the economy and state benefits

Question 38

What are the three technological changes that affect family structure

Answer 38

Automated household appliances, communication and entertainment.

Question 39

What are the five functions of the family

Answer 39

Physical, emotional, economic, social and educational

Question 40

What is the physical function of the family and how does the state assist

Answer 40

Provide basic needs like shelter, food, warmth and clothing. State provides child support, public health nurses and tusla can intervene for foster care