Textiles And Fabrics Flashcards
What are the two types of fabrics?
Natural & man made.
What are examples of natural fabrics?
Animal: Wool.
Plant: Cotton.
What is an example of wool?
Tweed.
What are the properties of wool?
Soft.
Weak when wet.
Piles and felts easily.
What are the guidelines when using wool?
Dry flat to prevent stretching.
No bleaching.
No tumble drying to prevent shrinkage & felting.
What are the textile uses for wool?
Clothing: Jumpers, hats, scarves & coats.
Household textiles: Rugs, curtains & blankets.
What is an example of cotton?
Denim.
What are the properties of denim?
Strong when wet.
Easy to dye - change colour.
Creases easily.
What are the guidelines when using denim?
Wash at max 95 degrees in washing machine.
Can tumble dry.
Hot iron.
What are the uses of denim?
Clothes: Jeans, jackets & jumpers.
Household textiles: Towels, sheets & curtains.
What are the two types of man-made fabrics?
Synthetic: Polyester.
Regenerated: Viscose.
What is synthetic polyester made from?
Coal & oil heated with other chemicals.
What are the properties of polyester?
Easy to wash.
Non absorbent - quick to dry.
Drapes well.
What are the guidelines for polyester care?
No tumble dry.
Cool iron.
Machine wash - 40.
What are the uses of polyester?
Clothes: Hoodies & jackets.
Textiles: Bed linen & curtains.
What is regenerated viscose made from?
Made from cotton & plant waste mixed with chemicals & heated.
What are the properties of viscose?
Drapes well.
Absorbent - dries slowly.
Creases easily.
What are the guidelines for viscose?
Cool iron.
Machine wash - 40 degrees.
No bleach.
What are the functions of clothes?
Weather protection.
Modesty.
Self expression.
To impress.
What are the functions of household textiles?
Warmth.
Protection.
Comfort.
Decor.
What factors should be considered when choosing textiles?
Suitability.
Cost.
Personal preferences.
Cleaning & care.
Durability.
What are desirable qualities of textiles?
Easy to dye.
Durable/strong.
Crease resistant.
Stain resistant.
What is a high-risk fabric?
Cotton - burns very quickly, melts & splatters.
What is a low-risk fabric?
Wool - smolders & will extinguish.
What is Combustion Modified High Resilience (CMHR) foam?
Foam that will not catch fire as it has been changed to prevent it.
What is a flame retardant finish?
Applied to fabric to reduce risk of catching fire & self extinguishes when removed from flames.
What are the effects of proban?
Reduces risk of items catching fire & self extinguishes if it does.
May cause allergic reactions.
Makes fabric more expensive.
What does the Fire Safety (Domestic Furniture) Order state?
Fabrics must pass fire safety tests.
Foam filling must be CMHR foam.
Permanent labels must be securely attached.
What must be on permanent labels under the fire safety act?
Name & address of manufacturer/importer.
Description of filling & cover material.
What does a square swing label indicate?
Materials used meet requirements for resistance to cigarette & match ignition.
What does a triangle swing label indicate?
Covering fabric has not passed the match test but has a fire-resistant liner.
What factors affect effective cleaning of fabrics?
Water temperature.
Amount of agitation.
Detergents used.
Water extraction.
Type of water used.
What are the types of detergents?
Oxygen bleach.
Fluoresces.
Enzymes.
Surfactants.
What does oxygen bleach do?
Removes stains & brightens clothes by releasing hydrogen peroxide.
What is the function of fluoresces in detergents?
Allows fabric to absorb UV light & re-emit blue light for a whiter appearance.
What do enzymes do in detergents?
Break down protein stains (e.g., blood, milk) but must be used at low temperatures.
What is the role of surfactants in detergents?
Reduce surface tension of water, allowing it to penetrate fabrics.
