Energy

Question 1

What are the functions of energy in the body?

Answer 1

1. Working of the internal organs (e.g., heart, lungs).
2. Production of heat & maintains body temperature (37°C).
3. Growth in teens & children.
4. Physical activities (e.g., running).

Question 2

What is the basal metabolic rate (BMR)?

Answer 2

The minimum amount of energy needed to keep internal organs (heart & lungs) working when the body is at complete rest.

Question 3

When do you measure BMR?

Answer 3

1. When warm.
2. At complete physical & mental rest.
3. After fasting for at least 12 hours.

Question 4

What factors affect BMR?

Answer 4

1. Age - Kids require more food as they are growing.
2. Gender - Men require more food as they have more muscle.
3. Size of body - Larger bodies need more food as they carry more weight.
4. Job - A person in an active job needs more food due to increased movement.
5. Pregnancy - More food is needed for both mother & fetus.
6. Activity levels - More active individuals require more food.

Question 5

What are empty kilocalories?

Answer 5

Foods that only provide energy via sugar and have no other nutrients (e.g., lollies & gummies).

Question 6

What is energy balance?

Answer 6

1. Food input = Energy output (BMR & activities).
2. BMR is the minimum energy required.
3. If more food is eaten than used, the body gains weight.
4. If a person burns more calories than consumed, they lose weight.