Calcium And Osteoporosis Flashcards
What are some sources of calcium?
Milk, Yogurt, Spinach, Tinned salmon
What are the functions of calcium?
Required for bone & teeth formation, essential for blood clotting, required for muscle & nerve functioning, necessary for enzyme activity.
What are the symptoms of calcium deficiency?
Rickets in kids, muscle cramps/spasms, inability of blood clotting (hemorrhaging).
What is the RDA of calcium for kids and adults?
Kids - 800mg, Adults - 800mg
What helps calcium absorption?
Vitamin D is necessary for calcium absorption as it makes it more soluble. A diet rich in amino acids also aids absorption.
What inhibits calcium absorption?
Phytic acid (found in brown cereals) and oxalic acid (found in strawberries) bind with calcium, preventing its absorption.
What is osteoporosis?
A condition where bones become weak & porous, leading to easy fractures due to loss of bone mass.
What are the risk factors for osteoporosis?
Lack of calcium or Vitamin D in diet, gender (females post-menopause), age (older individuals), and hereditary factors.
What are the symptoms of osteoporosis?
Brittle bones, loss of height, neck & back pain, loss of bone density, and easy bone fractures.
How can the risk of osteoporosis be reduced?
Include calcium & Vitamin D in diet, avoid phytic acid and oxalic acid, reduce salt & caffeine, and balance protein intake.
What is peak bone mass?
Up to 90% of bone mass is achieved by age 18 in girls and 20 in boys, marking maximum strength & density.
