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Anatomy 2 > The brain > Flashcards

The brain Flashcards

1
Q

What is each fold of the brain called?

A

Gyrus

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2
Q

This is the groove of the brain called?

A

Sulcus

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3
Q

What artery does the lateral fissure contain?

A

Middle cerebral artery

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4
Q

What artery does the longitudinal fissure contain?

A

Anterior cerebral arteries

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5
Q

What connects the cerebral hemispheres?

A

White matter tract

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6
Q

Where is the Association tracts?

A

Between gyri of the same hemisphere

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7
Q

Where is the Commisural tracts/fibres?

A

From one hemisphere to the corresponding region of the other

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8
Q

Where is the Projection fibres?

A

From cerebrum to thalamus, brainstem etc

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9
Q

What is the main action of the Basal Ganglia?

A

Regulate initiation and termination of body movements. Thought to be involved in memory, planning and emotional response

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10
Q

Where is the Substansia nigra?

A

Midbrain

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11
Q

What does the Substansia nigra communicate with?

A

The caudate and putamen

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12
Q

What does the Sub-thalamic nuclei communicate with?

A

The globus palladus

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13
Q

Where are the connections of the thalamus?

A

Hypothalamus and limbic system

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14
Q

What are the connections in the hypothalamus?

A

Pituitary gland

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15
Q

What are the three parts of the Diencephalon?

A

Thalamus, hypothalamus and pineal gland

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16
Q

What does the midbrain connect?

A

The pons and medulla to diencephalon

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17
Q

What is the function of the superior colliculi?

A

Visual, tracking and scanning

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18
Q

What is the inferior colliculi responsible for?

A

Auditory startle reflex

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19
Q

What is the Substansia nigra responsible for?

A

Control subconscious muscle action

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20
Q

What is the red nuclei responsible for?

A

Co-ordinate muscle movement

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21
Q

What is the pontine nuclei responsible for?

A

Co-ordination and maximising voluntary motor output

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22
Q

What tracts help control breathing?

A

Pneumotaxic

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23
Q

What is the origin of cranial nerves and vestibular nerves?

A

Pons

24
Q

What does the medulla contain?

A

The pyramids, cardiovascular centres, breathing centres, nuclei concerned with tough, pressure and vibration.

25
Q

What are the olives?

A

Proprioception

26
Q

What is the origin of the cranial nerves and cochlear part of VIII?

A

Medulla

27
Q

Where is the Vermis?

A

Between lobes

28
Q

What is the cerebellum responsible for?

A

Controls sub0conscious aspects of skeletal muscle meovements and co-ordinates complex sequences. regulate posture and balance

29
Q

Where is the superior cerebellar peduncle?

A

Midbrain to cerebellum

30
Q

Where is the Middle cerebellar peduncle?

A

Pons to cerebellum

31
Q

Where is the inferior cerebellar peduncle?

A

Medulla to cerebellum

32
Q

What releases growth hormone?

A

Pituitary gland

33
Q

What releases FSH and LH hormones?

A

Pituitary gland

34
Q

Where does the vertebral arteries come from?

A

Subclavian

35
Q

What is the pia mater?

A

The innermost layer, sticks to surface of neural tissue

36
Q

What is the arachnoid mater?

A

Middle layer, fine connective tissue

37
Q

What is the dura mater?

A

Outermost layer, tough connective tissue sheath

38
Q

Where does the sub-arachnoid space lie between?

A

Pia and arachnoid

39
Q

What does the subarachnoid contain?

A

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

40
Q

What does the dura line?

A

Skull

41
Q

What is the function of the dura?

A

Protects the brain and forms the dural venous sinuses.

42
Q

What does the arachnoid cover?

A

The surface of the brain and carries blood vessels

43
Q

What does the pis adhere to?

A

The surface of the brain - going into the sulci and around the gyri

44
Q

What drains blood from the brain and channel it into the internal jugular vein?

A

Dural venous sinuses

45
Q

Where is each sinus formed between?

A

The periosteum of the skull and the dura or between two layers of dura

46
Q

How many ventricles are there?

A

4

47
Q

What are the ventricles called?

A

Cerebral aqueduct, Lateral ventricle, 3rd ventricle and 4th ventricle

48
Q

Where does the cerebral aqueduct run through?

A

The midbrain to connect the 3rd and 4th ventricles

49
Q

Which ventricle has one in each hemisphere?

A

Lateral ventricle

50
Q

What ventricle connects to the sub-arachnoid space via the lateral and median apertures?

A

4th Ventricle

51
Q

What ventricle is connected to the central canal of the spinal cord?

A

4th ventricle

52
Q

What ventricle is inside the thalamus?

A

3rd Ventricle

53
Q

What ventricle is connected to ht lateral ventricles by inter ventricular foramina of Monro?

A

3rd ventricle

54
Q

What does CSF provide?

A

Mechanical and physical protection to the brain and spinal cord

55
Q

What does the CSF circulate through?

A

The ventricles and into the sub-arachnoid space

56
Q

What is constanty recycled by loss through arachnoid vili (granulations) into the dural venous sinuses?

A

CSF

Anatomy 2 (26 decks)

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