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Anatomy 2 > Parotid Gland and Temporal Region > Flashcards

Parotid Gland and Temporal Region Flashcards

1
Q

What extends as stylomandibular ligament?

A

CT capsule and dense fibrous capsule

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2
Q

Where does the Stylomandibular ligament intervene between?

A

Parotid and Submandibular salivary gland

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3
Q

What may also be accessory tissue?

A

Parotid gland

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4
Q

Describe the Parotid duct?

A

Oblique passage and palpable if tense masseter

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5
Q

What is the passage of the parotid duct?

A

Sharp, medial turn to pierce buccal fat pad and buccinator to enter oral cavity at upper second molar

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6
Q

What does ECA form?

A

Superficial temporal and maxillary arteries

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7
Q

What is the retromandibular vein?

A

Union of superficial and temporal and maxillary veins

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8
Q

What is the parotid gland?

A

Salivary gland that secrets serous acini only

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9
Q

What does the facial gland divide?

A

Parotid gland into deep and superficial parts

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10
Q

Where is the parasympathetic secertomotor supply come from?

A

Glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)

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11
Q

Where is the postganglionic sympathetic fibres come from?

A

Plexus around ECA

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12
Q

How many muscles of mastication is there?

A

4

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13
Q

What are the muscles of mastication?

A

Temporalis,
Masseter,
Medial pterygoid and lateral pterygoid

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14
Q

What innervates the muscles of mastication?

A

Mandibular division of trigeminal (CN VIII)

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15
Q

What are the movements of the mandible?

A

Elevation, Depression, Protrusion, Retrusion and lateral sliding

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16
Q

How is depression caused?

A

By gravity or against force using supra-hyoid muscles

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17
Q

What covers the temporalis?

A

Temporal fascia

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18
Q

Where does the temporal fossa and fascia attach to?

A

Coronoid process and anterior border of the ramus of the mandible

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19
Q

What elevates the mandible?

A

Anterior and superior fibres of temporalis

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20
Q

What retracts the mandible?

A

Posterior fibres fo temporalis

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21
Q

What innervates the temporlais?

A

Deep temporal nerves from anterior division of mandibular division of trigeminal nerve (CN VIII)

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22
Q

Where does the masseter attach to?

A

Zygomatic arch to the lateral aspect of the ramus of the mandible

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23
Q

Function of Masseter?

A

Elevate the mandible

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24
Q

What innervates the Masseter?

A

Masseteric nerve from anterior division of CN VIII

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25
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the lateral pterygoid?

A

Upper head: Infratemporal surface of greater wing of sphenoid
Lower head: Lateral surface of the lateral pterygoid plate

26
Q

What is the distal attachment of the Lateral Pterygoid?

A

Inserts into neck of mandible and articular disc

27
Q

What is the functions of the lateral pterygoid?

A

Pulls neck of mandible forwards with articular disc (protrusion = both)

Helps in lateral chewing movements with medial pterygoid (one side)

28
Q

What innervates the Lateral Pterygoid?

A

Nerve to lateral pterygoid of anterior division of CN VIII

29
Q

What are the proximal attachments of the Medial Pterygoid?

A

Superficial head: Tubercle of maxilla

Deep head: Medial surface of the lateral pterygoid plate

30
Q

What is the distal attachment of the Medial pterygoid?

A

Medial surface of the angle of mandible

31
Q

What is the function of the Medial Pterygoid?

A

Assits in elevation

32
Q

What is the innervation of medial pterygoid?

A

Nerve to medial pterygoid from the main trunk of the mandibular division of CN VIII

33
Q

Describe the movement of elevation of the mandible.

A

Head of mandible and disc move backward and head rotates on lower surface of disc - temporalis, Masseter and medial pterygoid

34
Q

Describe the movement of Depression of the mandible.

A

Head of mandible rotates on undersurface of articular disc and mandible is pulled forward - lateral pterygoid, digastric, geniohyoid, mylohyois and gravity

35
Q

Describe the movement of protrusion of the mandible.

A

Articular disc and head of mandible move forward. Movement in upper part of cavity - lateral pterygoid (medial pterygoid assists)

36
Q

Describe the movement of Retrusion of the mandible.

A

Articular disc and head of mandible pulled backward into mandibular fossa - posterior fibres of temporalis

37
Q

Describe the movement of lateral chewing of the mandible.

A

Protrusion and retrusion combined - pterygoids

38
Q

Where does part of CN VIII nerve to medial pterygoid pass through?

A

Otic ganglion

39
Q

Does the CN VIII have a synapse?

A

No

40
Q

What does the CN VIII pass to?

A

Tensor veli palantini and tensor tympani

41
Q

What does the Auriculotemporal nerve carry?

A

Postganglionic parasympathetic fibres for otic ganglion to parotid

42
Q

Where do fibres of the Auriculotemporal nerve originate?

A

IN CN IX glossopharyngeal

43
Q

What is the lingual nerve joined by?

A

Chorda tympani

44
Q

What carry parasympathetic fibres from the facial nerve to the submandibular and sublingual glands?

A

Chorda tympani

45
Q

Where does the taste fibres come from?

A

Anterior two thirds of the tongue

46
Q

What is ECA?

A

External carotid artery

47
Q

Where does the ECA end?

A

In terminal branches - maxillary and superficial temporal behind neck of mandible

48
Q

What are the posterior branches of ECA?

A

Occipital, posterior auricular and ascending pharyngeal

49
Q

What crossed occipital artery?

A

Hypoglossal nerve

50
Q

What is the passage of the occipital artery?

A

Passes under posterior belly of digastric to enter the posterior triangle. Back of scalpl

51
Q

What is the level of posterior auricular?

A

Level of upper border of belly of digastric

52
Q

Where does the ascending pharyngeal ascend between?

A

Internal carotid and pharynx

53
Q

What are the anterior branched of ECA?

A

Superior thyroid, Lingual and facial

54
Q

What runs with external laryngeal nerve?

A

Superior thyroid

55
Q

What does the superior thyroid branch to?

A

SCM and superior laryngeal artery

56
Q

What is the passage of the lingual artery?

A

Opposite tip greater cornu of hyoid bone, passes deep to hyoglossus, crossed bu the hypoglossal nerve. Oral cavity

57
Q

What is the passage of the facia artery?

A

Above tip of greater cornu, passes deep to posterior belly of digastric. Superior and inferior labial branched and angular artery to face.

58
Q

What are the terminal branches of ECA?

A

Superficial temporal and maxillary

59
Q

Where does the superficial temporal branch ascend?

A

In front of the auricle

60
Q

What does the superficial temporal branch divide into?

A

Anterior and posterior branched which supply the skin over the frontal and temporal regions

61
Q

Where does the maxillary branch arise?

A

Behind the neck of mandible, branched to muscles of mastication, tympanic membrane, upper and lower teeth, palate, nasal cavity, nasioharynx and meninges

Anatomy 2 (26 decks)

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