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Anatomy 2 > Plantar Surface of the Foot > Flashcards

Plantar Surface of the Foot Flashcards

1
Q

The deep fascia in the foot goes weaker where?

A

Medial and Laterally

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2
Q

What is the deep fascia?

A

Thick central portion

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3
Q

What is formed by the central portion of the deep fascia?

A

Superficial ligament

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4
Q

What is found in the plantar aponeurosis?

A

Superficial ligament and vertical inter muscular septae

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5
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the plantar aponeurosis?

A

Calcaneus which divides into 5 bands distally and is continuous with fibrous digital sheaths

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6
Q

Where is the vertical inter muscular septae?

A

Medial, Central and Lateral compartment

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7
Q

What are the muscles of dorsal of foot?

A

Extensor Digitorum Brevis and Extensor Hallucis Brevis

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8
Q

What are the muscles of the little toe in the lateral compartment?

A

Abductor Digiti Minimi and Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis

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9
Q

What are the muscles of the great toe in the middle compartment?

A

Abductor Hallucis and Flexor Hallucis Brevis

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10
Q

What are the interossei?

A

Plantar and Dorsal interossei

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11
Q

What are the muscles in the central compartment?

A

Flexor Digitorum Brevis and Adductor Hallucis

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12
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the Abductor Hallucis?

A

Medial tubercle of Calcaneus and flexor retinaculum

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13
Q

What is the distal attachment of the Abductor Hallucis?

A

Medial base proximal phalanx

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14
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the Flexor Digitorum Brevis?

A

Medial tubercle of Calcaneus

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15
Q

What is the distal attachment of the Flexor Digitorum Brevis?

A

Middle phalanges of lateral 4 toes

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16
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the Abductor Digits Minimi?

A

Medial and lateral tubercle of Calcaneus

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17
Q

What is the distal attachment of the Abductor Digits Minimi?

A

Lateral base proximal phalanx

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18
Q

What are the muscles in the first layer of the foot?

A

Abductor Hallucis, Flexor digitorum Brevis and Abductor Digiti Minimi

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19
Q

What are is found in the second layer of the foot?

A

Lumbricals and Quadratus Plantae

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20
Q

What are the long flexor tendons to the toes?

A

Flexor digitorum longus and Flexor Hallucis longus

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21
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the lumbricals?

A

Tendons of the Flexor digitorum longus

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22
Q

What is the distal attachment of the lumbricals?

A

Medial side of dorsal tendon expansion

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23
Q

What is the proximal attachment of Quadratus Plantae?

A

Medial and lateral surfaces of Calcaneus

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24
Q

What is the distal attachment of the Quadratus Plantae?

A

Lateral side of Flexor digitorum longus tendon

25
Q

How many lumbricals?

A

4

26
Q

What is found in the 3rd layer of the foot?

A

Flexor hallucis brevis, Adductor Hallucis aan Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis

27
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the Flexor Hallucis Brevis?

A

Cuboid and lateral cuneiform

28
Q

What is the distal attachment of the Flexor Hallucis Brevis?

A

Both sides base proximal phalanx of hallux

29
Q

What is the proximal attachment of Adductor Hallucis on the Transverse head?

A

Plantar ligament of MTP joints

30
Q

What is the proximal attachment of Adductor Hallucis on the Oblique head?

A

Base metatarsals 2-4

31
Q

What is the distal attachment of the Adductor Hallucis?

A

Lateral side base proximal phalanx of hallux

32
Q

What is the proximal attachment of Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis?

A

Base 5th metatarsal

33
Q

What is the distal attachment of the Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis?

A

Base proximal phalanx of 5th digit

34
Q

What is found in the 4th layer of the foot?1

A

Interossei

35
Q

How many Plantar Interossei?

A

3

36
Q

How many dorsal interossei?

A

4

37
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the plantar interossei?

A

Bases and medial side of metatarsals 3-5 (uni-innate)

38
Q

What is the distal attachment of the plantar interossei?

A

Medial side of proximal phalanx of 3rd - 5th digit

39
Q

What is the function of plantar interossei?

A

PAD - Plantar ADduct

40
Q

What is the function of dorsal Interossei?

A

DAB - Dorsal ABduct

41
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the dorsal Interossei?

A

Adjacent sides of metatarsals 1-5 (bipennate)

42
Q

What is the distal attachments of dorsal Interossei?

A

1st on medial side proximal phalanx of 2nd digit.

2nd-4th on lateral side proximal phalanx of 2nd-4th digits

43
Q

What is important about 2nd toe?

A

Is axial digit of foot

44
Q

What is found in the 4th layer of the foot?

A

Peroneus Longus tendon and Tibialis Posterior tendon

45
Q

What are the terminal branches of tibial nerve deep to?

A

Flexor Retinaculum

46
Q

Where do plantar nerves enter the foot?

A

Deep to Abductor Hallucis

47
Q

Where is the medial plantar nerve?

A

Between Abductor Hallucis and Flexor Digitorum Brevis

48
Q

Where is the lateral plantar nerve?

A

Between layers 1 and 2

49
Q

Where are deep branches of the lateral plantar nerve?

A

Between layers 3 and 4

50
Q

What does the medial plantar nerve innervate?

A

Abductor Hallucis, Flexor Digitorum Brevis, 1st lumbrical and Flexor Hallucis Brevis

51
Q

What does the lateral plantar nerve innervate?

A

All other muscles that are not innervated by Medial Plantar nerve

52
Q

What are the roots of Plantar nerves?

A

S2 and S3

53
Q

What are the terminal branches of posterior Tibial artery deep to?

A

Flexor Retinaculum

54
Q

Where does the Plantar arteries enter the foot?

A

Deep to Abductor Hallucis

55
Q

What does the medial plantar artery supply?

A

Muscles of hallux and overlying skin, occasionally superficial plantar arch

56
Q

Where is the lateral plantar artery found?

A

Between layers 1 and 2

57
Q

Where is the deep plantar arch?

A

Between layers 3 and 4

58
Q

Where is the deep plantar artery from?

A

Dorsalis Pedis

59
Q

What are the branches of the lateral plantar artery?

A

Plantar metatarsal and digital arteries

Anatomy 2 (26 decks)

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