Joints of the Foot Flashcards
What are the arches of the foot?
Longitudinal and Transverse Arches
What are the functions of the arches?
Distribute weight
Act as shock absorbers
Act as Spring boards
Why do we have arches?
Weight bearing capabilities and resilience
What is the Transverse arch supported by?
Tendon of Tibialis Posterior,
Tendon of Peroneus Longus,
Adductor Hallucis muscle and Deep Transverse Metatarsal Ligament
What is apart of the Tarsal arch?
Tendon of TIbilais Posterior and Tendo of Peroneus Longus
What is apart of the metatarsal arch?
Adductor Hallucis
What is apart of the Anterior Arch?
Deep Transverse Metatarsal Ligament
What are the bones of the lateral arch?
Calcaneus, Cuboid, Metatarsals 4 and 5
What is the function of the lateral arch?
To rest on the ground when standing
What are the bones of the medial arch?
Calcaneus, Talus, Navicular, 3 cuneiforms, Metatarsals 1-3
Is the medial arch higher or lower than the lateral arch?
Higher
What is the dynamic support of the longitudinal arch?
Intrinsic muscles of foot, Flexor Hallucis Longus and Flexor Digitorum Longus
What is the passive support of the longitudinal arch?
Plantar Calcaneonavicular (spring) ligament,
Short plantar ligament (calcaneocuboid),
Long plantar ligament and Plantar aponeurosis
What is weight distributed equally between?
Calcaneus and heads of metatarsals
What makes up the Transverse (Mid) Tarsal Joint?
Talonavicular and Calcaneocuboid joints
What type of joint is the Subtalar joint?
Plane synovial
Describe the talus on the Subtalar joint?
Slightly concave posterior calcanea articular surface
Describe the Calcaneus on the Subtalar joint?
Convex posterior articular facet
What is the weak capsule supported by at the subtler joint?
Medial, lateral, Interosseous and posterior talocalcaneal ligaments
Which ligament is especially strong?
Interosseous Ligament
What two parts make up the Talocaneonavicular joint?
Talocalcaneal and Talonavicular
What type of joint is Talocalcaneal?
Plane synovial
What type of joint is Talonavicular?
Ball and socket
What type of joint is the Calcaneocuboid joint?
Plane synovial
Where does the Bifurcate ligament attach to?
Calcaneus to Navicular and Cuboid
Where does the Dorsal Calcaneocuboid Ligament attach to?
Calcaneus to cuboid
Where does the Long plantar ligament attach to?
Calcaneus to Cuboid and Metatarsals
Where does the Short plantar ligament attach to?
Calcaneus to cuboid
Where does the spring ligament attach to?
Calcaneus to Navicular
What are the movements of the Subtalar and Talocalcaneal part of Talocalcaneonavicular Joint?
Inversion and Eversion
What are the movements of the Midtarsal Joint?
Augments inversion and eversion
Where does the forefoot and midfoot rotate on hind foot ar?
Midtarsal joint
Where does the Forefoot, mid foot and calcaneus rotate under?
Subtalar joint
Where are the Tarsometatarsal joints?
Anterior tarsal bones to bases of metatarsals
What are the anterior tarsal bones?
Cuboid and Cuneiforms
What binds the bones together?
Dorsal, plantar and Interosseous ligaments
What type of joint is the Metatarsophalangeal joint?
Synovial condyloid joint
What functions come from the Metatarsophalangeal joint?
Flexion, Extension, Abduction and Adduction
What type of joint is the Interphalangeal Joint?
Synovial hinge joints
What functions come from the interphalangeal joint?
Flexion and Extension
