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Anatomy 2 > Pelvic Walls and Floor > Flashcards

Pelvic Walls and Floor Flashcards

1
Q

What forms the greater sciatic foramen and the lesser sciatic foramen?

A

Sacrotuberous and sacrospinous ligaments

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2
Q

What are the wall muscles of the pelvis?

A

Iliacus, psoas, obturator externus, obturator internus and piriformis,

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3
Q

The iliac fossa joins psoas as what?

A

iliopsoas

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4
Q

Where does the iliopsoas insert into?

A

Lesser trochanter of femur

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5
Q

What is the function of the iliacus?

A

Hip flexion

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6
Q

What innervates the iliacus?

A

Femoral nerve

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7
Q

Fibers of the psoas pass from?

A

T12 - L4

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8
Q

What is the function of psoas?

A

Hip flexion, bend trunk lateral, raise trunk from supine position

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9
Q

What innervates the psoas?

A

Lumbar plexus direct branches L2-4 anterior rami

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10
Q

What are the gluteal muscles?

A

Gluteus maximus, medius and minimus

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11
Q

What do the gluteal muscles attach to?

A

Pelvic bones but to within pelvic cavity

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12
Q

Function of gluteal muscles?

A

Act on the hip joint

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13
Q

Fibers of obturator externus pass?

A

From the outer surface of obturator membrane to trochanteric fossa of femur

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14
Q

Fibers of obturator internus pass?

A

From the inner surface of obturator membrane to medial surface of greater trochanter of femur

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15
Q

What is the function of obturator internus?

A

Lateral rotation of the hip

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16
Q

What innervates the obturator internus?

A

Nerve to obturator internus direct from sacral plexus (L5, S1)

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17
Q

Fibers of the piriformis pass?

A

From the anterior surface of the sacrum to greater trochanter of the femur

18
Q

What is the function of piriformis?

A

Lateral rotation of the hip joint

19
Q

What innervates piriformis?

A

Nerve to piriformis direct branch of sacral plexus (S1 and S2)

20
Q

What is the pelvic diaphragm?

A

A muscular floor composed of elevator ani and coccyges to prevent prolapse

21
Q

What is the muscular roof of the anal triangle?

A

Levator ani

22
Q

Fibers pass in the coccyges from?

A

Ischial spine and sacrospinous ligament to the coccyx and inferior sacrum

23
Q

What is the function of the coccygeus?

A

Support pelvic viscera, flexion of coccyx

24
Q

What innervates the Coccygeus?

A

Direct branches from sacral plexus (S4-S5)

25
Q

What are the two muscles involved in the levator ani?

A

Pubococcygeus and iliococcygeus

26
Q

Describe the fibres in the Pubococcygeus?

A

Most medial fibres, attach to and support vagina/prostat gland and rectum

27
Q

Describe the fibres in the Iliococcygeus?

A

More lateral fibres of elevator ani, anterior to coccygeus

28
Q

What is pubococcygeus divided into?

A

Puborectalis, puboprostaticus and pubovaginalis

29
Q

What must relax to allow urination and defecation?

A

Levator ani

30
Q

What innervates the pubococcygeus?

A

Pudendal and nerve to levator ani

31
Q

In males what is the muscle that has medial fibres that pass around prostate and insert into perineal body?

A

Puboprostaticus

32
Q

In females, what is the muscle that has medial fibres that pass around the vagina and insert into perineal body?

A

Pubovaginalis

33
Q

What muscle is in both sexes?

A

Puborectalis

34
Q

Describe the fibres in Puborectalis?

A

Mix with those from external anal sphincter

35
Q

Why are the fibres modified as a sling around the rectum in puborectalis?

A

To help maintain faecal continence

36
Q

What innervates the Puborectalis?

A

Pudendal nerve and nerve to levator ani

37
Q

What does the iliococcygeus muscle attach to?

A

Fascia of obturator internus and the anococcygeal body/ligament/levator plate

38
Q

Iliococcygeus is more fibrous than?

A

Pubococcygeus

39
Q

What is described as the tendinous arch of levator ani?

A

Area of attachment to the fascia of obturator internus

40
Q

What innervates the iliococcygeus?

A

Pudendal nerve and nerve to levator ani

41
Q

What is the perineal body composed of?

A

Fibrous connective tissue

42
Q

What attaches to the perineal body?

A

Levator prostatae, pubovaginalis, external anal sphincter and perineal muscles

Anatomy 2 (26 decks)

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