Anterior & Lateral Leg and Foot Flashcards
What is the function of the Interosseous membrane?
Provides a surface for muscle attachment and helps resist the downward pull of muscles attached to the fibula
What direction does the Interosseous membrane pass?
Inferolaterally from Tibia to Fibula
What type of joint is the superior tibiofibular joint?
Plane synovial joint
What is the orientation of the superior tibiofibular joint?
Head of fibula & facet on lateral tibial condyle
Does the superior tibiofibular joint give movement?
Slight movement during dorsiflexion of ankle
What is the deep fascia of the leg called?
Crural fascia
What does the anterior compartment of the leg consist of?
4 muscles
What kind of muscles are involved in the anterior compartment?
Extensors of ankle joint and digits
Tendons are what to the ankle joint?
Anterior
What is the function the muscles in the anterior compartment?
Ankle extension = dorsiflexion
What does the lateral compartment of the leg consist of?
2 muscles
What kind of muscles are involved in the lateral compartment of the leg?
Evertors of the foot
Are the tendons posterior or anterior to the lateral malleolus?
Posterior
What is the proximal attachment of the peroneus longus muscle?
Head of upper 2/3rd of lateral fibula
What is the distal attachment of the peroneus longus muscle?
Base of 1st Metatarsal and medial cuneiform
What innervates the peroneus longus?
Superficial Peroneal Nerve (L5, S1 and S2)
What are the 2 muscles called in the lateral compartment?
Peroneus Longus and Peroneus Brevis
What is the proximal attachment of the Peroneus Brevis?
Inferior 2/3rd of lateral fibula
What is the distal attachment of the Peroneus Brevis?
Tuberosity on lateral side of base of 5th metatarsal
What innervates the Peroneus Brevis?
Superficial peroneal nerve (L5, S1 and S2)
What are the 4 muscles of the anterior compartment of the leg?
Tibialis anterior, Extensor digitorum longus, Peroneus tertius and Extensor hallucis longus
What innervates the 4 muscles in the anterior compartment of the leg?
Deep perineal nerve (L4 and L5)
What is the proximal attachment of the Tibialis Anterior?
Lateral condyle of tibia, Superior 1/2 of lateral tibial surface and interosseous membrane
What is the distal attachment of the Tibialis Anterior?
Medial and infeiror surfaces of medial cuneiform and base of 1st metatarsal
What is the function of the Tibialis Anterior?
Dorsiflexes ankle; inverts foot
What is the proximal attachment of the extensor digitorum longus?
Lateral condyle tibial, superior 3/4th of medial surface Fibula and Interosseous membrane
What is the distal attachment of the extensor digitorum longus?
Middle and distal Phalanges of lateral 4 digits
What is the function of the extensor digitorum longus?
Extends lateral 4 digits; dorsiflexes ankle
What is the proximal attachment of the Peroneus Tertius?
Inferior 1/3rd anterior fibula and interosseous membrane
What is the distal attachment of the Peroneus Tertius?
Dorsum of base of 5th metatarsal
What is the function of the Peroneus Tertius?
Dorsiflexes ankle; Assists in eversion of foot
What is the proximal attachment of the Extensor Hallucis Longus?
Middle anterior surface of Fibula and Interosseous membrane
What is the distal attachment of the Extensor Hallucis Longus?
Dorsal aspect of distal Phalanx of Hallux
What is the function of the Extensor Hallucis Longus?
Extends Hallux; Dorsiflexes ankle
The Extensor Retinacula is split into?
Superior extensor retinacula and inferior extensor retinaculum
What is the proximal attachment of the superior extensor retinacula?
Anterior border of tibia
What is the distal attachment of the superior extensor Retinaculum?
Lower end of Fibula
What is the proximal attachment of the inferior Extensor Retinaculum?
Stem attached to Calcaneus laterally
What is the distal attachment of the Extensor Retinacula?
Upper limb attached to Medial Malleolus
Lower limb passes round medial border of foot to blend with dense fascia over abductor hallucis
What are the muscles of Dorsum of Foot?
Extensor Hallucis Brevis and Extensor Digitorum Brevis
Proximal attachment of both muscles of dorsal of foot?
Superior surface of Calcaneus and inferior extensor retinaculum
What is the distal attachment of the Extensor Hallucis Brevis?
Base fo Proximal Phalanx of Hallux
What is the distal attachment of the Extensor Digitorum Brevis?
Long extensor tendons of toes 2-4
What innervates the muscles of dorsal of foot?
Deep perineal nerve (L5 - S1)
The superficial peroneal nerve is a branch of what?
The common perineal between peroneus longus and neck of fibula
What does the lateral compartment of the leg supply?
Muscles and continuing as cutaneous nerve
What is the direction of Cutaneous innervation?
Distal anterior surface of leg and most of dorsal of foot
The deep peroneal nerve is a branch of?
Common peroneal between peroneus longus and neck of fibula
Where does the deep peroneal nerve pass through?
Extensor digitorum longus and travels with anterior tibial artery supplying all anterior compartment
Where does the deep peroneal nerve cross?
The ankle joint to supply extensor digitorum braves and extensor hallucis brevis
Where is cutaneous innervation to skin?
Between digits 1 and 2
What does the popliteal artery give?
Anterior and posterior tibial arteries
Where does the anterior tibial artery go through?
Interosseous membrane and descend on this
What does the poster tibial artery do?
Gives the fibular artery that provides perforating branches to lateral compartment
What are the arteries of the leg?
Popliteal artery, anterior and posterior tibial arteries
What are the arteries of the dorsal of foot?
Dorsalis pedis artery
What is the dorsals pedis artery a continuation of?
Anterior tibial artery, Metatarsal and digital arteries
What are the branches of the Dorsalis pedis artery?
Lateral tarsal artery, Depp plantar artery and Arcuate artery
Where does the arcuate artery run across?
Metatarsals to anastomose with lateral tarsal artery
