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Anatomy 2 > Pharynx and Pre-vertebral Region > Flashcards

Pharynx and Pre-vertebral Region Flashcards

1
Q

Where does the oesophagus join the pharynx?

A

C6

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2
Q

Describe the pharynx

A

Upper end funnel shaped at base of skull

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3
Q

Where is the mucous membrane ?

A

Nasal, mouth, larynx and tympanic cavity

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4
Q

What type of epithelium is within the pharynx?

A

Ciliated columnar epithelium superiorly to stratified squamous inferiorly

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5
Q

Where is the fibrous layer in the pharynx?

A

Under the epithelium

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6
Q

Where is the fibrous layer connected to?

A

Base of skull and into sub mucous coat of oesophagus

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7
Q

Where is the muscular layer of the pharynx?

A

Under fibrous layer

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8
Q

What type of muscles are within the muscular layer?

A

Circular constrictor and longitudinal muscles

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9
Q

Where is the nasopharynx?

A

Behind nasal cavities, above soft palate

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10
Q

What makes up the roof of the nasopharynx?

A

Sphenoid, occipital and pharyngeal tonsil

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11
Q

What makes up the floor of the nasopharynx?

A

Soft palate - pharyngeal isthmus

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12
Q

What makes up the anterior border of the nasopharynx?

A

Nasal passages

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13
Q

What makes up the posterior border of the nasopharynx?

A

Roof and C1 level

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14
Q

What makes up the lateral border of the nasopharynx?

A

Auditory/Eustacian tube, salpinngopharyngeal fold

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15
Q

Where is the oropharynx?

A

From soft palate to upper border of epiglottis

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16
Q

What makes up the roof of the oropharynx?

A

Soft palate

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17
Q

What makes up the floor of the oropharynx?

A

Post third tongue, lingual tonsil, glossoepiglottic folds

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18
Q

What makes up the anterior border of the oropharynx?

A

Mouth

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19
Q

What makes up the posterior border of the oropharynx?

A

C2/3 level

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20
Q

What makes up the lateral border of the oropharynx?

A

Palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal folds with palatine tonsil

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21
Q

Where is the Laryngopharynx?

A

Behind larynx and laryngeal opening

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22
Q

What is the anterior border of the laryngopharynx?

A

Larynx

23
Q

What is the posterior border of the Laryngopharynx?

A

C3-6

24
Q

What is the lateral border of the laryngopharynx?

A

Supported by thyroid cartilage, aryepiglottic fold and thyrohyoid membrane

25
Q

What is the lower part of the superior constrictor?

A

Medial pterygoid plate, hamulus, pterygomandibular ligament, mandible, side of tongue

26
Q

Where does the superior constrictor attach?

A

To pharyngeal tubercle of occipital bone, fibrous raphe and middle constrictor

27
Q

What closes off nasopharynx?

A

Upper fibres pull posterior pharyngeal wall anteriorly

28
Q

What propels food to middle constrictor?

A

Superior Constrictor

29
Q

What innervates the superior constrictor?

A

Pharyngeal plexus

30
Q

Where is the middle constrictor?

A

Lower part stylohyoid ligament to greater and lesser cornea of the hyoid bone

31
Q

Where does the middle constrictor attach to?

A

Raphe but also blend wth superior and inferior constrictor

32
Q

What propels food towards inferior constrictor?

A

Middle constrictor

33
Q

Where is the proximal attachment of the inferior constrictor?

A

Lamina of thyroid cartilage and cricoid cartilage

34
Q

Where is the distal attachment of the inferior constrictor?

A

Raphe and blend with middle constrictor and oesophagus

35
Q

What propels food to oesophagus?

A

Inferior constrictor

36
Q

What are the longitudinal muscles?

A

Stylopharyngeus, Salpingopharyngeus and Palatopharyngeus

37
Q

Describe Stylopharyngeus?

A

Base of styloid process of temporal bone to posterior border of thyroid cartilage

Across internal carotid artery and passes between superior and middle constrictors

Elevates larynx and pharynx during swallowing

Innervated by Glossopharyngeal nerve

38
Q

Describe the Salpingopharyngeus?

A

Cartilage of auditory tube to blend with palatopharyngeus

Elevates pharynx

Innervated by pharyngeal plexus

39
Q

Describe the Palatopharyngeus

A

Hard palate and palatine aponeurosis to lamina of thyroid cartilage

Elevates pharynx

Innervated by Pharyngeal plexus

40
Q

Where are the pharyngeal branches from?

A

The maxillary artery

41
Q

Where is the ascending pharyngeal artery from?

A

Medial surface of external carotid

42
Q

What are the pre-vertebral muscles?

A

Longus colli, Longus capties, Rectus capties anterior and Rectus wapitis lateralis

43
Q

Where do other pre-vertebral structures lie between?

A

The muscle sheath covering longs colli and longs capitis (pre vertebral fascia) and the carotid sheath

44
Q

What are the attachments of the longus capitis?

A

Transverse processes of cervical vertebrae anterior tubercles C3-6 to base of occipital bone

45
Q

What is the function of longus capitis?

A

Flexion of head

46
Q

What innervates the Longus Capitis?

A

Ventral rami cervical spinal nerves C1-3

47
Q

Where is the longus colli?

A

From atlas to T3

48
Q

What parts are within the Longus Colli?

A

Inferior oblique, superior oblique and vertical parts

49
Q

Describe the inferior oblique of the Longus Colli

A

T2/3 to anterior tubercle of cervical transverse process C5-6

50
Q

Describe the superior oblique of the Longus Colli

A

Anterior tubercle C3-5 to atlantsal naterior tubercle

51
Q

What is the vertical part of the Longus Colli?

A

Anterior aspect T1-3 to C4-6

52
Q

What is the function of the Longus Colli?

A

Flexion of neck

53
Q

What gives rotation to opposite side via inferior oblique?

A

Longus Colli

54
Q

What innervates the Longus Colli?

A

Ventral rami cervical spinal nerves C2-6

Anatomy 2 (26 decks)

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