Anterior Triangle of the Neck Flashcards
What divides the anterior from the posterior triangle?
Sternocleidomastoid
What are the boundaries of the anterior triangle?
Anterior border: Imaginary midline of the neck
Posterior Border: Anterior border of SCM
Base: Mandible
What are the divisions of the anterior triangle?
Sub-mental, Sub-mandibular, Carotid and Muscular
What is apart of the Sub-mental division?
Submental lymph nodes, beginning of anterior jugular vein
What is apart of the Sub-mandibular division?
Submandibular salivary gland, lymph nodes, fascial artery and vein, carotid sheath and hypoglossal nerve
What is apart of the Carotid division?
Carotid sheath, branches of external carotid artery, internal jugular vein, hypoglossal, accessory and vagus nerves
What is apart of the Muscular division?
Sternohyoid and sternothyroid form the floor beneath which likes the thyroid gland, larynx, trachea and oesophagus
Proximal attachment of Platysma?
Fascia above pectorals major and clavicle
Distal attachment of Platysma?
Lateral neck and onto mandible
What innervates the Platysma?
Facial nerve CN VII
What are the veins in the anterior neck?
External anterior and Internal posterior jugular veins
What may be absent in the anterior neck?
Anterior jugular midline
What is the origin of the cervical plexus?
Anterior rami C1-4
What is the cervical plexus joined into?
Loops that lie anterior to elevator scapulae and scalenus medius
What is the cervical plexus covered by?
Pre-vertebral layer of deep cervical fascia
What sensory does the cervical plexus have?
Somatic motor and sensory
What is between the hyoid bone and the skull or mandible?
Suprahyoid
What is between the hyoid bone and the sternum or thyroid cartilage?
Infrahyoid
What is the function of supra hyoid muscles?
Raise hyoid bone or depress mandible
What innervates the supra hyoid muscles?
Facial nerve and mandible division of trigeminal CN VIII
What is the function of infra hyoid muscles?
Depress hyoid bone and thyroid cartilage
What innervates the infra hyoid muscles?
Ansa cervicali except thyrohyoid (C1 via hypoglossal CN XII
Where does LCA arise from?
Arch of aorta
Where does the RCA arise from?
Brachiocephalic
What are the two branches of common carotid?
Internal and external
Where does the internal carotid go?
To the brain
Where does the external carotid go?
To head, face and neck
Where is the common carotid artery within?
The carotid sheath with internal jugular vein and vagus nerve
What are the three external carotid artery?
Superior thyroid, lingual and facial arteries
What is the abbreviation of the Vagus nerve?
CN X
Where does the vagus nerve descend?
Carotid sheath
Where do the recurrent laryngeal branches to muscles of larynx go around?
Left = around arch of aorta Right = around subclavian artery
What do endocrine glands do?
Regulates metabolic rate
What are the two lobes of the thyroid gland?
Isthmus and capsule
What is the position of the thyroid gland?
From lamina of thyroid cartilage down to 6th tracheal ring
What is embedded into posterior surface of thyroid gland?
Parathyroid glands
What is the superior thyroid?
The first anterior branch of the external carotid artery
What is the inferior thyroid?
A branch of the thyrocervical trunk of the subclavian artery
Where do the left and right inferior thyroid veins drain?
Into the left brachiocephalic vein
On duct of the submandibular salivary gland opens between?
The first and second lower incisor
What innervates the submandibular salivary gland?
CN VII (facial nerve)
What does the thoracic duct join?
The venous system in the neck
