The acute inflammatory response

Question 1

What is the mediator response to local injury?

Answer 1

Preformed mediators-histamine.
Membrane lipids- eicosanoids, leukotriened, substance P, CGRP.
Proteinases activation- bradykinin, complement.
Protein synthesis- iNOS, COX2, cytokines

Question 2

What substances have a vasodilatory effect on blood vessels?

Answer 2

Histamine
Eicosanoids
Neuropeptides
Bradykinin
NO

Question 3

What substances increase vascular permeability?

Answer 3

Histamine
Eicosanoids
Bradykinin
Complement C3a, C5a

Question 4

What agents increase plasma leakage via an action directly on the endothelium?

Answer 4

Histamine

Bradykinin

Question 5

How do neutrophil activators increase plasma leakage?

Answer 5

Via a neutrophil dependent mechanism

Question 6

H1 receptor is Gq Gs or Gi linked?

Answer 6

Gq linked

Question 7

What does H1 receptor stimulate?

Answer 7

Phospholipase C

Question 8

H2 receptor is Gq Gs or Gi linked?

Answer 8

Gs

Question 9

What does H2 receptor stimulate?

Answer 9

Adenylyl cyclase

Question 10

H3 receptor is Gq Gs or Gi linked?

Answer 10

Gi

Question 11

What does H3 receptor inhibit?

Answer 11

AC

Question 12

H4 receptor is Gq Gs or Gi linked?

Answer 12

Gi

Question 13

What does H4 receptor do?

Answer 13

Inhibit AC

Activate PLC via By subunits

Question 14

What does IgE cause?

Answer 14

Immediate hypersensitivity

Question 15

What does H1 do?

Answer 15

Vasodilator via NO release from endothelium.
Increased permeability-oedema.
Activation of sensory nerve-pain and itch.

Question 16

Central histamine release causes what?

Answer 16

Wakefulness

Question 17

H1 receptor antagonist causes what?

Answer 17

Drowsiness

Question 18

Name 3 H1 receptor antagonists

Answer 18

Chlorpheniramine
Astemizole
Loratadine

Question 19

What is the primary factor involved in the control of gastric acid secretion?

Answer 19

Histamine

Question 20

What cells are H2 released from?

Answer 20

Enterochomaffin-like cells

Question 21

Where are H2 receptors found?

Answer 21

Parietal cells

Question 22

Name 1 H2 receptor antagonist

Answer 22

Cimetidine

Question 23

Cimetidine is a what inhibitor?

Answer 23

CYP450

Question 24

Out of ranitidine, famitidine and cimetidine, which has the fewest drug interactions?

Answer 24

Famitidine

Question 25

Where are H3 receptors found?

Answer 25

Presynaptic nuerons

Question 26

What do H3 receptors do?

Answer 26

Negatively regulate synthesis and release of HA and other neurotransmitters

Question 27

Blocking central H3 receptors will enhance what?

Answer 27

Histamine release

Question 28

H3 receptors have high what?

Answer 28

Basal activity

Question 29

What is ciproxifan?

Answer 29

An inverse H3 agonist

Question 30

Where are H4 receptors highly expressed?

Answer 30

White blood cells