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PA30245 Infection and Immunity > The acute inflammatory response > Flashcards

The acute inflammatory response Flashcards

1
Q

What is the mediator response to local injury?

A

Preformed mediators-histamine.
Membrane lipids- eicosanoids, leukotriened, substance P, CGRP.
Proteinases activation- bradykinin, complement.
Protein synthesis- iNOS, COX2, cytokines

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2
Q

What substances have a vasodilatory effect on blood vessels?

A 
Histamine
Eicosanoids
Neuropeptides
Bradykinin
NO
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3
Q

What substances increase vascular permeability?

A

Histamine
Eicosanoids
Bradykinin
Complement C3a, C5a

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4
Q

What agents increase plasma leakage via an action directly on the endothelium?

A

Histamine

Bradykinin

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5
Q

How do neutrophil activators increase plasma leakage?

A

Via a neutrophil dependent mechanism

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6
Q

H1 receptor is Gq Gs or Gi linked?

A

Gq linked

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7
Q

What does H1 receptor stimulate?

A

Phospholipase C

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8
Q

H2 receptor is Gq Gs or Gi linked?

A

Gs

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9
Q

What does H2 receptor stimulate?

A

Adenylyl cyclase

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10
Q

H3 receptor is Gq Gs or Gi linked?

A

Gi

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11
Q

What does H3 receptor inhibit?

A

AC

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12
Q

H4 receptor is Gq Gs or Gi linked?

A

Gi

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13
Q

What does H4 receptor do?

A

Inhibit AC

Activate PLC via By subunits

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14
Q

What does IgE cause?

A

Immediate hypersensitivity

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15
Q

What does H1 do?

A

Vasodilator via NO release from endothelium.
Increased permeability-oedema.
Activation of sensory nerve-pain and itch.

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16
Q

Central histamine release causes what?

A

Wakefulness

17
Q

H1 receptor antagonist causes what?

A

Drowsiness

18
Q

Name 3 H1 receptor antagonists

A

Chlorpheniramine
Astemizole
Loratadine

19
Q

What is the primary factor involved in the control of gastric acid secretion?

A

Histamine

20
Q

What cells are H2 released from?

A

Enterochomaffin-like cells

21
Q

Where are H2 receptors found?

A

Parietal cells

22
Q

Name 1 H2 receptor antagonist

A

Cimetidine

23
Q

Cimetidine is a what inhibitor?

A

CYP450

24
Q

Out of ranitidine, famitidine and cimetidine, which has the fewest drug interactions?

A

Famitidine

25
Q

Where are H3 receptors found?

A

Presynaptic nuerons

26
Q

What do H3 receptors do?

A

Negatively regulate synthesis and release of HA and other neurotransmitters

27
Q

Blocking central H3 receptors will enhance what?

A

Histamine release

28
Q

H3 receptors have high what?

A

Basal activity

29
Q

What is ciproxifan?

A

An inverse H3 agonist

30
Q

Where are H4 receptors highly expressed?

A

White blood cells

PA30245 Infection and Immunity (30 decks)

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