Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

PA30245 Infection and Immunity > Proteases ROS and nitrogen species > Flashcards

Proteases ROS and nitrogen species Flashcards

1
Q

What is cartilage?

A

Connective tissue made up of cells and extracellular matrix

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is cartilage made by?

A

Chondrocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is joint cartilage mainly comprised of?

A

Fibrous protein-collagen.

Proteoglycan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What do osteoclasts do?

A

Activated by cytokines and break down bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What do osteoblasts do?

A

Make bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

In RA what happens to proteoglycans?

A

Lost rapidly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

In RA do proteoglycans have an open or closed structure?

A

Open

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

In RA what are proeoglycans sensitive to breakdown by?

A

Several proteinases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

In RA is collagen lost more slowly or quickly that proteoglycan?

A

More slowly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

In RA what is native collagen susceptible to?

A

Collagenases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is a matrix metalloproteinase?

A

Proteolytic enzyme

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What do matrix metalloproteinase break down?

A

Collagen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What pH is matrix metalloproteinase active at?

A

neutral pH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Wha do matrix metalloproteinase require?

A

Zn2+

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are matrix metalloproteinase inhibited by?

A

Endoenous tissue inhibitors of metallo-proteinases (TIMPs)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the 2 ends of matrix metalloproteinase called?

A

Propeptide

C terminal

17
Q

What are matrix metalloproteinases activated by?

A

Removal of propeptide by other proteases

Chemical modification of propeptide by RONS

18
Q

What is the c terminus of matrix metalloproteinase important for?

A

Substrate specificity and regulation

19
Q

The active site of matrix metalloproteinase is targeted by what?

A

Hydroxamate series of MMP inhibitos (marimastat)

20
Q

What are two examples of synthetic MMP inhibitors?

A

Marimastat

Prinomastat

21
Q

What 3 other approaches are there to inhibiting MMPs?

A

Tetracycline derivatives
Antibody based therapeutics
Endogenous inhibitors of MMPs

22
Q

What pH are serine and cysteine proteinases active at?

A

Neutral pH

23
Q

What to serine and cysteine proteinases break down?

A

Elastin
Laminin
Chondroitin sulfate & proteoglycans

24
Q

serine and cysteine proteinases are endogenously inhibited by what?

25
Q

Serpins are readily inactivated by what?

26
Q

How are RONS produced?

A

By infiltrating leukocytes and tissue resident cells

27
Q

Rheumatoid synovial tissue undergoes cycles of what?

A

Hypoxia and reperfusion

28
Q

Leukocytes phagocytose what?

A

Bacteria
Yeast
Immune complexes
Damaged tissue

29
Q

What are the 5 effects of RONs?

A 
Activation of inflammatory gene transcription
Amino acid modifications
Matrix modifications
DNA damage
Cell apoptosis and necrosis

PA30245 Infection and Immunity (30 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions