Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Neuroanatomy > Thalamus > Flashcards

Thalamus Flashcards

1
Q

three functional types of thalamic nuclei

A
  • relay/specific
  • nonspecific
  • associative
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

where is thalamus located

A

within diencephalon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

how is thalamus seperated from hypothalamus

A

hypothalamic sulcus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

how is thalamus connected to opposing thalamus

A

by interthalamic adhesion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is thalamus bounded superiorly by

A

lateral ventricle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is thalamus bounded inferiorly by

A

hypothalamus and subthalamus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is thalamus bounded laterally by

A

caudate nucleus, thalamostriate vein and stria terminalis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is thalamus bounded medially by

A

choroid plexus of third ventricle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what does the anterior pole of the thalamus from

A

the posterior wall of the interventricular foramen of monro

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is the posterior pole of the thalamus also referred to as

A

pulvinar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

6 thalamic nuclei groups

A
  • anterior
  • ventral
  • lateral
  • medial
  • posterior
  • intralaminar
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

where is the external medullary lamina located

A

laterally, seperates reticular nucleus from the rest of the thalamus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what does the external medullary lamina contain

A

thalamodortical and corticothalamic fibres

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is the internal medullary lamina

A

y shaped band that divides the thalamus into anterior, medial and lateral nuclear groups

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what does the internal medullary lamina contain

A

fibres connecting thalamic nuclei with one another and intralaminar groups

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is the reticular nucleus

A

sensory cerebral cortical divres with some fibres of the reticular formation, these aid in cortical regulation of thalamic activity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

anterior nucleus location

A

anterior pole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

anterior nucleus functions

A
  • part of papez circuit (memory and language) which is thought to be chiefly involved in declarative memory
  • disconnection from mammilary bodies can result in amnesia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

anterior nucleus afferent connections

A

from mammilary bodies to the hypothalamus via the mammilothalamic tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

anterior nucleus efferent connections

A

to cingulate gyrus, enterohinal cortex, hippocampal formation and hypothalamus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

location of ventral anterior nuclues

A

anterior lateral nuclear mass

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

ventral anterior nucleus function

A

cognitive loop of basal ganglia by reciprocal connections from cerebral cortex to basal ganglia and cerebellum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

afferent connections of ventral anterior nucleus

A

from ipsilateral globus pallidus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

efferent connections of ventral anterior nucleus

A

to prefrontal and premotor cortices

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
ventral lateral nucleus location
between ventral anterior and ventral posterior
26
ventral lateral nucleus function
part of motor loop basal ganglia circuit which influences normal locomotion
27
ventral lateral nucleus anterior afferent connection
from ipsilateral globus pallidus internus project to supplementary motor area
28
ventral lateral nucleus posterior afferent connections
from dentato-rubro-thalamo-cortical (DRTC) tract project to motor cortex
29
VPL/VPM location
between VL nucleus and pulvinar, further subdivided into ventral posterolateral (VPl), ventral postero-medial (VPm), ventral posteroinferior (VPi) and ventromedial (VM)
30
VPL/VPM function
somoatopically organised relay in the somatosensory pathways
31
VPL/VPM afferent connections
general sensory information from C/L head, neck and body to a conscious level, via the medial, spinal and trigeminal lemnisci
32
VPL/VPM efferent connections
project to primary somatosensory cortex (SI) and small projection to secondary somatosensory cortex (SII) in inferior parietal lobe
33
what does VPL receive
medial and spinal lemnisci fibres
34
what does VPM receive
trigeminal lemniscus fibres and taste and balance information from nucleus tractus solidarius (NTS) and vestibular nuclei
35
VPL/VPM modality segregation
- Proprioceptive neurons anterior - Tactile neurons in mid-region - Nociceptive fibres posteriorly
36
four association nuclei
- lateral dorsal - lateral medial - pulvinar - medial dorsal
37
what are association nuclei
nuclei with reciprocal connections to the association areas of the cerebral cortex
38
lateral dorsal nucleus connections
reciprocal connections with posterior cingulate gyrus
39
lateral dorsal nucleus function
relates to memory
40
lateral posterior nucleus and pulvinar connections
Recieves afferents from superior colliculus and projects to visual and parietal association areas
41
lateral medial nucleus and pulvinar functions
- General integration of sensory information with hearing and vision - An extrageniculate visual pathway passes from the optic tract to the visual association area via the superior colliculus and pulvinar to draw attention to objects of interest in the peripheral field of vision, without being a source of conscious visual perception
42
medial dorsal nucleus afferent connections
from limbic system/prefrontal cortex
43
medial dorsal nucleus efferent connections
to prefrontal association cortex
44
medial dorsal nucleus functions
- Regulating smell - Important in pain perception and attention, planning, organisation, abstract thinking, multitasking and active memory
45
what does disease or stimulation of medial dorsal nucleus cause
changes in motivational drive, problem solving ability, level of consciousness, personality, mood and emotional changes
46
lateral geniculate nucleus location
posterior pole of thalamus behind pulvinar in lateral dorsal tier
47
lateral geniculate nucleus function
visual pathway
48
lateral genicuate nucleus afferent connection
retinal fibres via optic tract
49
lateral geniculate nucleus efferent connection
project to primary visual cortex in the optic radiations via retro-lentiform part of the internal capsule
50
medial geniculate nucleus location
just medial to the lateral geniculate nucleus in the pulvinar
51
medial geniculate nucleus function
auditory pathway
52
medial geniculate nucleus afferent connection
from inferior colliculus of the midbrain via the inferior brachium
53
medial geniculate nucleus afferent connection
from inferior colliculus of the midbrain via the inferior brachium
54
medial geniculate nucleus efferent connection
Primary auditory cortex
55
intralaminar nuclei location
within internal medullary lamina
56
intralaminar nuclei function
part of mechanism that governs general wakefulness
57
intralaminar nuclei afferent connections
scending fibres from reticular activating system as well as spinothalamic and trigemino-thalamic alertness
58
intralaminar nuclei efferent connection
project widely to the cerebral cortex as well as to the corpus striatum
59
where does the anterior thalamic peduncle run
in anterior limb of internal capsule to the prefrontal gyrus/cingulate gyrus
60
where does the superior thalamic peduncle run
through posterior limb of internal capsule to premotor, motor and sensory cortices
61
where does the posterior thalamic peduncle run
through retro-lentiform internal capsule to occipital lobe, posterior parietal and temporal lobes
62
where does the inferior thalamic peduncle run
passes below the lentiform nucleus to reach the temporal and orbital cortex
63
thalamic peduncles location
between the external medullary lamina and the internal capsule
64
thalamic peduncles function
thalamic gate dampens down output to cortex when necessary
65
thalamic peduncles afferent connections
ascending reticular activating system intra laminar Meynert nuclei and thalamocortical/corticothalamic collaterals
66
thalamic peduncles efferent connections
thalamic projection nucleus and to inhibitory interneurons

Neuroanatomy (23 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions