Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Neuroanatomy > Autonomic Nervous System > Flashcards

Autonomic Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

purpose of sensory aspect of CNS

A

receptors detect internal or external stimuli and relay information to the CNS through afferent neurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

purpose of integrative aspect of CNS

A

analysis, storage, decision making, perceptions using interneurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

purpose of motor aspect of CNS

A

muscular contraction, glandular secretion through efferent neurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

two types of fibres of afferent divsion of CNS

A
  • somatic afferent fibres
  • visceral afferent fibres
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

somatic afferent fibres

A

carry impulses from skin, skeletal muscles and joints

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

visceral afferent fibres

A

transmit impulses from visceral organs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

two systems that fall under the efferent divsion of the CNS

A
  • somatic nervous system
  • autonomic nervous system
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

purpose of somatic nervous system

A

provides conscious control of skeletal muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

purpose of autonomic nervous system

A

regulates cardiac and smooth muscle and secretory glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is the PNS

A

nervous structures outside the brain and spinal cord that are not covered in meningeal layers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

two aspects of PNS

A

cranial nerves and spinal nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

how many pairs of cranial nerves are there

A

12

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

where do cranial nerves I & II attach to

A

forebrain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

where do cranial nerves III-XII attach to

A

brainstem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

how many pairs of spinal nerves are there

A

31

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

how many pairs of cervical spinal nerves

A

8

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

how many pairs of thoracic spinal nerves

A

12

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

how many pairs of lumbar spinal nerves

A

5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

how many pairs of sacral spinal nerves

A

5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

how many pairs of coccygeal spinal nerves

A

1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

why are there 8 cervical spinal nerves

A
  • cervical nerves exit spinal foramina above their vertebra
  • thoracic nerves exit spinal foramina below their vertebra
  • thus there is an extra cervical nerve above T1
22
Q

what are ganglia

A

oval shaped collections of neuronal cell bodies found in autonomic and somatic branches of PNS

23
Q

another name for preganglionic cells

A

presynaptic neurons

24
Q

where are the cell bodies of the preganglionic neurons located

A

in the grey matter of the CNS

25
Q

another name for postganglionic neurons

A

postsynaptic neurons

26
Q

where are the cell bodies of postgangliomic neurons located

A

within the autonomic ganglia

27
Q

where do the axons of postsynaptic neurons terminate

A

effector muscles and organs (cardiac/smooth muscle and glands)

28
Q

pathway of preganglionic axons from spinal cord

A
  • exit spinal cord and enter spinal nerve
  • exit spinal nerve via white communicating ramus
  • enter sympathetic trunk/chain
29
Q

three paths that a preganglionic axon can take after entering sympathetic chain

A
  • immediately synapse on postganglionic neuron in chain ganglion then return to spinal nerve and follow its branch to the skin
  • ascend/descend within spinal cord before proceeding as above
  • pass through sympathetic chain without synapsing, form a splanchnic nerve that passes towards thoracic or abdomincal organs. These synapse in prevertebral ganglion in front of aorta, post ganglionic axons follow arteries to organs
30
Q

where are sensory ganglia found

A

in dorsal root ganglia of spinal nerves and on the ganglia of some cranial nerves

31
Q

purpose of dorsal root ganglia of spinal nerves

sensory

A

transmit messages relating to pain, touch and temperature from the PNS to the CNS

32
Q

purpose of sensory ganglia of cranial nerves

A
  • have special sensory functions
  • eg. trigeminal ganglion: contains sensory nerve fibres from head
33
Q

name the three groups of autonomic ganglia

A
  • sypathetic chain ganglia
  • prevertabral ganglia
  • parasympathetic ganglia
34
Q

what is the sympathetic chain ganglia

A

paired chain of ganglia located ventral and lateral to the spinal cord that extends from upper neck to coccyx

35
Q

how many pairs of ganglia are there in the sympathetic chain/trunk

A

23

36
Q

purpose of sympathetic trunk

A
  • recieve input from lateral horn of thoracic and lumbar spinal cord
  • relay information relating to stress and anger
37
Q

where are prevertebral ganglia located

A

between sympathetic chain and target organs

38
Q

prevertebral ganglia purpose

A

carry sympathetic function but are not part of sympathetic chain
innervate all abdominal and pelvic organs (excluding adrenal gland)

39
Q

where are parasympathetic ganglia located

A

in the cranial nerve nuclei and lateral horn of sacral spinal cord

40
Q

another name for sypathetic nervous system and why

A

thoracolumbar system - preganglionic neuronal cell bodies are located in the lateral horn of grey matter from T1-L2

41
Q

sympathetic nervous system purpose

A
  • mobilisation and increased metabolism
  • fight, flight or freeze
42
Q

fibre lengths in sympathetic nervous system

A
  • short preganglionic fibres
  • long postsynaptic fibres
43
Q

where are postsynaptic nerurons of the sympathetic nervous system present

A

paravertebral and prevertebral ganglia

44
Q

what neurotransmitter is associated with the sympathetic nervous system

A

noradrenaline or norepinephrine

45
Q

another name for the parasympathetic nervous system and why

A

craniosacral system - preganglionic neuronal cell bodies are in the brain stem or sacral levels of the spinal cord

46
Q

parasympathetic nervous system function

A
  • routine maintenance
  • rest and digest
47
Q

where are the fibres of the parasympathetic nervous system found

A
  • cranial nerves III, VII, IX & X
  • lateral horn of grey matter S2-S4
48
Q

fibre length for parasympatheric nervous system

A

long preganglionic fibres and short postsynaptic fibres

49
Q

what does the parasympathetic nervous system supply

A

head, visceral cavities of the trunk and erectile tissues of the external genitalia

50
Q

what neurotransmitter is associated with the parasympathetic nervous system

A

acetylcholine

Neuroanatomy (23 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions