Practical 3: External Topography of the Brainstem Flashcards
what does the brainstem consist of
medulla, pons and midbrain
where does the medulla become continuous with the spinal cord
at the foramen magnum
what cranial nerves come out of the medulla?
- glossopharyngeal
- vagus
- spinal accessory
- hypoglossal
what is the pontomedullary junction
where the pons meets the medulla
which cranial nerves exit from the pontomedullary junction
- abducens
- vestibulo-cochlear
- facial
what cranial nerve emerges from the pons
trigeminal
what cranial nerve emerges from the midbrain
trochlear
what nerve emerges from between the cerebral peduncles
occulomotor
midbrain - crus cerebri of cerebri peduncles
midbrain - infundibulum (pituitary stalk)
midbrain - mammillary bodies
midbrain - interpeduncular fossa
midbrain - anterior perforated substance
midbrain - pineal body
midbrain - superior and inferior colliculi
midbrain - superior and inferior brachium
midbrain - superior cerebellar peduncle
midbrain - medial and lateral geniculate bodies
midbrain cranial nerves
- CNIII (oculomotor)
- CNIV (trochlear)
CNIII (oculomotor nerve)
CNIV (trochlear nerve)
pons - groove for basilar artery (basilar sulcus)
pons - pontomedullary junction
pons - middle and inferior cerebellar peduncles
pons - superior medullary velum
pons - medial eminence
pons - sulcus limitans
pons - facial colliculus
pons - vestibular area
pons - striae medullares
pons - hypoglossal triangle (trigone of CNVII)
pons - vagal triangle (trigone of CNX)
pons cranial nerves
- CNV (trigeminal)
- CNVI (abducent)
- CNVII (facial)
- CNVIII (vestibulocochlear)
CNV (trigeminal nerve)
CNVI (abducent nerve)
CNVII (facial nerve)
CNVIII (vestibulocochlear nerve)
medulla - ventral (anterior) median fissure
medulla - pyramids
medulla - olives
medulla - decussation of pyramids
medulla - gracile tubercle
medulla - cuneate tubercle
medulla - gracile fasciculus
medulla - cuneate fasciculus
medulla cranial nerves
- CNIX (glossopharyngeal)
- CNXII (hypoglossal)
- CNX (vagus)
- CNXI (accessory)
CNIX (glossopharyngeal nerve)
CNXII (hypoglossal nerve)
CNX (vagus nerve)
CNXI (accessory nerve)
which foramen does CNI (olfactory nerve) pass-through
olfactory foramina in the cribriform plate
which foramen does CNII (optic nerve) pass-through
optic canal of sphenoid
which foramen does CNIII (occulomotor nerve) pass-through
superior orbital fissure
which foramen does CNIV (trochlear nerve) pass-through
superior orbital fissure
which foramen does CNV (trigeminal nerve) pass-through
- superior orbital fissure
- foramen rotundum
- foramen ovale
which foramen does CNVI (abducens nerve) pass-through
superior orbital fissure
which foramen does CNVII (facial nerve) pass-through
facial canal
which foramen does CNVIII (vestibulocochlear nerve) pass-through
internal auditory meatus
which foramen does CNIX (glossopharyngeal nerve) pass-through
jugular foramen
which foramen does CNX (vagus nerve) pass-through
jugular foramen
which foramen does CNXI (accessory nerve) pass-through
jugular foramen
which foramen does CNXII (hypoglossal nerve) pass-through
hypoglossal canal