Test FF Flashcards
vegetative bacteria
easily killed
sunlight
what is the purpose of sterilization?
to kill all microorganisms
capsule formers
need something stronger to kill it
spore-former
very difficult to kill
tetanus
methods of decreasing bacterial populations
sunlight cold pasteurization filtration desiccation boiling water
steam under pressure
Practical
Dependable
Economical
three things for any sterilization
time
temperature
concentration of sterilant
principles of steam
steam at the proper temperature and for the proper time, must reach every fiber or particle of every object in order to produce sterility
example of what would use steam under pressure
vaseline
what type of heat is steam under pressure?
dry heat
what is necessary to achieve higher temperature?
pressure
thermal death time
shortest period of time to kill a known population of MO at a given temperature
factors influencing steam sterilization
clean
packaging-allow penetration
loading- shouldn’t touch the sides
dry
what happens for steam if the package is wet?
strike through if still wet
types of steam sterilizers
gravity (downward displacement)
high speed or “flash”
prevacuum
example of gravity (downward) displacement sterilizer wrapped
Kelly
gown pack
disadvantages of flash sterilizer
no linen, gloves, or rubber
advantage of flash sterilizer
shorter time
can the flash sterilizer be used routinely?
no it shouldn’t be
flash sterilizer metal instruments unwrapped
3 minutes at 270 degrees F
flash sterilizer covered/padded
10 minutes at 270 degrees F
flash sterilizer rubber catheters
10 minutes at 270 degrees F
rule for sterilizer
when you add more supplies, time goes up
pre vacuum sterilizer
air pumped out
heating time decresed
loaded full
another name for prevacuum sterilizer
dynamic removal sterilizer
key for pre vacuum sterilizer
packs dry at completed!!!!
what is the preferred method??
prevacuum because it has a pump
time for pre vacuum sterilizer
275 for 3-5 minutes
instrument washer sterilizer
not used for sterilization!!!
cleaning and decontamination
temperature for instrument washer sterilizer
270 degrees F
Is dry heat sterilizer still used?
no longer practical
time for dry heat sterilizer
320 for 2 hours
ethylene oxide (gas)
kills all MO’s
down fall to ethylene oxide
you need an experienced operator
very expensive, can be lengthy
flammable
rule about ethylene oxide
if water is present on tubing or instrument EO will bind with water and creates toxic substance ethylene glycol which is really bad
EO gas supplies
gas indicator strip
gas indicator tape
add to control for steam and chemical test
geobacillus sterothermophilus
add to control for gas
plama bacillus atrophaeus
what happens to the tape when it goes through machine?
it turns black
ionizing radiation (electron beam sterilization)
prepackaged items (gloves, scrub brush)
what does ionizing radiation do?
bacterial cell death- messes with DNA and RNA
What is steris (peracetic acid) used for?
for scopes, lenses
advantages of steris
short cycle
nontoxic
computerized
what is steris?
chemical
Peracetic avid
plasma sterilizer
liquid solution of hydrogen peroxide
radio frequency
downfall of plasma sterilizer
can’t use paper or linen
chambers are small
another name for plasma sterilizer
sterrad
sterile indicators
tape strips charts print outs trained personnel
ultra sonic cleaner
doesn’t sterilize
cleans by vibrations
what does ultra sonic cleaner do?
makes a bubble bath and then the bubbles pop (cavitation)
instrument processing decontamination steps
cleaning is first- most important
sterilization or disinfection is next
use or proper storage of item last
non critical
just comes in contact with the skin
stethoscope, BP cuff
semi critical
mucous membrane
broncoscope, tongue depressor
critical
instruments during surgery
lumen for ethylene oxide
is dry
mercurials
low level disinfectant
phenolic compounds
intermediate level disinfectant
Cleaning furniture and floors, bactericidal and tuberculodical
quaternary
intermediate level disinfectant
alcohols
intermediate level disinfectant
glutaraldehyde
high level disinfectant
cidex
when does glutaraldehyde kill vegetative organisms?
5 minutes
glutaraldehyde tuberculocidal
20 minutes
glutaraldehyde spores
10 hours
glutaraldehyde expiration
once it is activated/mixed with liquid, it has an expiration date 14-28 days
sodium hypoclorite
high level disinfectant
household bleach
low alcohol surface disinfectants
high level disinfectant
superheating
reused wrapper without washing, or if washed wasn’t done correctly
muslin
4 layers, 2 wrappers
nonwoven
2 layers, 1 wrapper
terminal cleaning
at the end of the day
cleaning wall
top to bottom
what does high level disinfectant do?
kills everything but spores
maximum weight for linen, packs
12 pounds
maximum size for linen, packs
12x12x20
maximum size for instrument pan
25
What is phenolic good for?
Furniture
how do lumens in needles need to be packaged in glass tubes or paper?
moist
What is sodium hypochlorite good for?
Surfaces, floors, and equipment
How long does linen pack take at 250 degrees F?
30 minutes
Why are instruments cleaned thoroughly before sterilization?
To get off gross debris, grease, oil
What happens to organisms to cause death?
Protein inside cell coagulates
3 ways to clean instruments
Hand washing
Ultra sonic
Washer sterilizer
How should instrument pan bottoms be?
Mesh or perforated bottoms
How should basin sets be wrapped?
With open end in same direction
The chemical agent that inhibits the growth of micro organisms without necessarily killing them
Anti-septic
Most common agent in irradiation sterilization
Cobalt 60
Usual temperature in a gas sterilizer
85 to 145
What is essential when using activated GLUTARALDEHYDE?
Items must be rinsed thoroughly and sterile water before use
What can activated GLUTARALDEHYDE due to instruments?
Corrosive to them
Kills pathogenic microorganisms on inanimate surfaces
Disinfectant
What does phenolic all fall under?
Bactericidal
Fungicidal
Tuberculocidal
What is EO sterilization dependent on?
Gas concentration, temperature, humidity and exposure time
What is polypropylene?
Plastic
What is used to clean floors, walls, and surgical scrub solutions?
Iodophors
Why are packages loaded in a vertical position?
To allow for penetration for all of the packs because otherwise the air may be trapped in layers of the packs
What is the bacillus that is the most difficult to kill by steam?
Geobacillis stearothermophilus
Who is the recipient of proper sterilization?
The patient
What is autoclaving?
Steam under pressure
How are linen packs sterilized?
Steam sterilizer
When is hydrogen peroxide broken down during plasma sterilization?
When radio frequency is added
What is the most reliable method of sterilization?
Steam under pressure
What is cleaning and disinfecting?
Decontamination
Event related
How it is handled
How are endoscopic instruments sterilized?
Gas sterilizer
Best method for telling if item was sterilized
Biological controls
What does GLUTARALDEHYDE do to your skin?
Causes skin irritation
Bacteriostatic
Inhibit activity of bacteria
Bactericidal
Destructive to bacteria
How is a camera sterilized?
EO
Disinfectant
Kills most microbes, used in inanimate objects
What is good for hand scrubs and prepping patients
Iodine and iodophors
Ethyl
70-90 equally effective
Isopropyl
70 or more, more effective
Used to disinfect large surfaces
Phenol
unwrapped instruments downward displacement (steam) 250F
15 minutes
instruments padded tray downward displacement (steam) 250F
30 minutes
rubber catheters unwrapped downward displacement (steam) 250F
20 minutes
utensils unwrapped downward displacement (steam) 250F
15 minutes
instruments unwrapped flash 270F
3 minutes
instruements padded flash 270F
10 minutes
rubber catheters unwrapped flash 270F
10 minutes
utensils unwrapped flash 270F
3 minutes
