GENERAL #1 Flashcards
apron of fat that hangs from the greated curvature of the stomach and loops back up to attach to the transverse colon
greater omentum
exit sphincter of the stomach
pyloric sphincter
what segment of the large intestine is the appendix attached to?
ceum
appendix quadrant
RLQ
inside layer of the GI tract is lined with?
mucosal NOT STERILE
outside layer of the GI tract is line with?
serosal membrane IS STERILE
what envirnoment is E coli usally found in?
intestines
wavelike contraction that propels food through the GI tract
peristalsis
another name for the GI tract
alimentary canal
5 sections of the stomach
cardia, fundus, body, antrum pylorus
does the TA stapler staple and cut?
no!!
what does CEEA stand for?
circular end to end anastomosis
diverticulosis
small, bulging pouches in the large intestine
vertical incision 4 cm lateral to the midline of the abdomen
paramedian
simplest abdominal incision
midline
four items for retention sutures
nonabsorbable suture, NH, bolster, kellys
suture for hernia sac
2-0 silk SH
subq bleeders
3-0 plain ties
subq skin stich
3-0 vicryl PS-1 cutting
hernia repair
0 ethibond CT-1 CR
3 weakened areas in the abd wall where hernias are most likely to occur
inguinal canal, femoral ring, umbilicus
irreducible hernia contents
can’t be returned to the normal intra abd position
how do structures enter the inguinal canal from the abdomen?
internal ring
what is the internal ring?
natural opening in the transversalis fascia
irreducible hernia in which the blood supply of the sac contents has been compromised and eventually the tissue will necrosis
strangulated
major supporting structure of the inguinal floor
transversalis fascia
what does the spermatic cord contain?
vas deferens, blood vessels, nerves, lymphatics
defect in the internal abd ring which causes peritoneum to bulge along the spermatic cord CONGENITAL
indirect inguinal hernia
result of stress on the abd wall which causes peritoneum to bulge through the fascia in the inguinal region ACQUIRED
direct inguinal hernia
what is entered when the sac of hernia is entered?
abd cavity
stitch placed close to the abd wall to close the sac before it is excied
purse string
after the sac has been excised, the surgeon will begin the repair of the transversalis fascia using a ____ technique. This is accomplished with what type of suture____
interrupted, nonabsorbable
what type of tissue is the hernia sac?
peritoneum
2 types of synthetic mesh which can be used for a herniorrhaphy to reinforce the repair
marlex, prolene
fat attached to the spermatic cord and sent as specimen with the hernia sac
lipoma
2 nerves identified and preserved during an inguinal herniorrhaphy
ili-inguinal, ilio-hypogastric
when fibrous bands of scar tissue bind organs together
adhesions
suture that will be absorbed the quicket
surgical gut
abd operation performed for diagnostics reasons
exploratory laparotomy
which would not be placed on a mayo for exploratory lap?
3 handle with an #11 blade
incision for exploratory lap
midline
6 tissue layers that will be incised for exploratory lap
skin, subq, fascia, muscle, fascia, peritoneum
staging
classifying by anatomical extent for cancer
visualize the upper GI tract using xray
barium swallow
one possible complication that can occur when performing an endoscopic inspection of the GI tract
bleeding
position for colonoscopy
left side, upper leg flexed
partial gastrectomy that joins the upper 50% of the stomach to the duodenum
billroth 1
why is a vagotomy done in conjunction with a gastric resection?
decrease hydrochloritic acid in stomach
instrument used to spread the muscle to the inner mucosa on a pyloromyotomy
benson pyloric spreader
why is a lap nissen fundoplication performed?
gastro esophageal reflux disease, hiatal hernia
muscular ring located between the stomach and small intestine
pyloric sphincter
what structure is dilated with a maloney dilator?
esophagus
point at which the esophagus penetrates the diaphragm
esophageal hiatus
zenkers diverticulum is located where?
esophagus
protrusion of viscera through an abd incision following surgery
evisceration
mcburney incision
appendectomy
what instrument is used to grasp the appendix during an appendectomy?
babcock
ostomy performed on the small bowel
iliostomy
ostomy perofmred on the large intestine
colostomy
2 bowel clamps
allis, dennis
function of an ostomy bridge
support the bowel during creation of a stoma
diverticulitis
inflammation or infection in small pouches in the digestive tract
what does the CEEA stapler anastomose?
descending colon to rectum
main function of the large intestine
reabsorb water and electrolytes
cessation of peristalsis
paralytic ilieus
what does it mean to mobilize the bowel?
freed from attachments
what do you do with instruments that come in contact with the mucosal layer of the colon?
they are considered dirty, so isolate and contain
instruments that come in contact with he serosal layer of the colon?
they are fine, the area is “sterile”
reason for using moist laps in the abd cavity
to hold back structures
bowel technique
used during GI cases to isolate the contaminated instruments and supplies, from the clean
location of pilonidal cyst formation?
saccrococcygeal
commonly used suture on the GI tract
3-0 silk SH
why is a purse string suture placed around the anus during an abd perineal resection?
to prevent spillage of fecal matter
measures the amount of iron in the blood
hemoglobin
test done to indicate kidney status
urinalysis
why is a nasogastic tube placed?
drain the stomach
clips for vagus nerve
hemoclips, ligaclips
hernia that contents have become trapped but tissue is still viable
incarcerated
anesthesia for herniorrhaphy
all could be used
how can a gastrostomy be created by?
percutaneous, lap, open
function of colon
elimination, absorption
where is the pancreas located?
ULQ
visual inspection of the esophagus and the cardia of the stomach
esophagoscopy
newborn vomitus, free of bile and projectile in nature means?
pyloric stenosis
examination of the lower intestine as far as the ceum
colonoscopy